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Global typology of urban energy use and potentials for an urbanization mitigation wedge
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Significance: Many case studies of specific cities have investigated factors that contribute to urban energy use and greenhouse-gas emissions. The analysis in this study is based on data from 274 cities and three global datasets and provides a typology of urban attributes of energy use. The results highlight that appropriate policies addressing urban climate change mitigation differ with type of city. A global urbanization wedge, corresponding in particular to energy-efficient urbanization in Asia, might reduce urban energy use by more than 25%, compared with a business-as-usual scenario.
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“Urban planning, street space rededication, smart logistical systems and increased street connectivity with smaller distances have the largest potential to reduce the need for travel 33,34 , with a counterfactual potential of 25% reduction in urban energy use in 2050 considering only newly built cities (repercussion effects in the buildings sector are included in this estimate) 35 .”
From Demand-side solutions to climate change mitigation consistent with high levels of well-being (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
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“Creutzig et al. [151] related the energy use of 300 cities worldwide to historical structural factors such as fuel taxes (which have a strong impact on urban sprawl).”
From Tackling climate change with machine learning (2023) · cites this paper as [151]
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“For instance, urban sprawl influences the energy use from transport, as wider cities tend to be more car-oriented [151,189,228].”
From Tackling climate change with machine learning (2023) · cites this paper as [151]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Creutzig, F., Baiocchi, G., Bierkandt, R., Pichler, P.-P., & Seto, K. C.
- Affiliations
- Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (DE)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (DE)
- Yale University (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2015-01-12
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 6283-6288
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC4443311
- OpenAlex
- W2123954521
- Cited by
- 598
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 97 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 18
- FWCI
- 18.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Publication Database PIK (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Energy, Environment, Economic Growth
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate Change and Sustainable Development
- Keywords
- urban energy consumption, climate change mitigation, urban greenhouse gas emissions, transportation energy use, compact city, urban planning policy, transport planning policy, gasoline prices, population density, urban expansion, urban typology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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