The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Embryonic stem cells can form germ cells in vitro
Open accessAbstract
Knock-in embryonic stem (ES) cells, in which GFP or lacZ was expressed from the endogenous mouse vasa homolog ( Mvh ), which is specifically expressed in differentiating germ cells, were used to visualize germ cell production during in vitro differentiation. The appearance of MVH-positive germ cells depended on embryoid body formation and was greatly enhanced by the inductive effects of bone morphogenic protein 4-producing cells. The ES-derived MVH-positive cells could participate in spermatogenesis when transplanted into reconstituted testicular tubules, demonstrating that ES cells can produce functional germ cells in vitro . In vitro germ cell differentiation provides a paradigm for studying the molecular basis of germ line establishment, as well as for developing new approaches to reproductive engineering.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Xu, Q., Bernardo, A., Walker, D., Kanegawa, T., Mahley, R. W., & Huang, Y. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5476-05.2006 · Cited by 524
From teratocarcinomas to embryonic stem cells and beyond: a history of embryonic stem cell research
Solter, D. (2006) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg1827 · Cited by 326
In vitro production of fertile sperm from murine spermatogonial stem cell lines
Sato, T., Katagiri, K., Yokonishi, T., Kubota, Y., Inoue, K., Ogonuki, N., Matoba, S., Ogura, A., & Ogawa, T. (2011) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms1478 · Cited by 228
Resurrecting biodiversity: Advanced assisted reproductive technologies and biobanking
Bolton, R. L., Mooney, A., Pettit, M. T., Bolton, A. E., Morgan, L., Drake, G. J., Appeltant, R., Walker, S. L., Gillis, J. D., & Hvilsom, C. (2022) · Reproduction and Fertility · doi:10.1530/raf-22-0005 · Cited by 108
Metadata
- Authors
- Toyooka, Y., Tsunekawa, N., Akasu, R., & Noce, T.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2003-09-22
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 11457-11462
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2143023822
- Cited by
- 700
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 15.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Embryonic stem cells can form germ cells in vitro. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.1932826100
- The paper
- Toyooka, Y., Tsunekawa, N., Akasu, R., & Noce, T. (2003). Embryonic stem cells can form germ cells in vitro. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1932826100
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.