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Cryoelectron microscopy of λ phage DNA condensates in vitreous ice: The fine structure of DNA toroids

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Hud, Nicholas V., Downing, Kenneth H.·2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Abstract

DNA toroids produced by the condensation of λ phage DNA with hexammine cobalt (III) have been investigated by cryoelectron microscopy. Image resolution obtained by this technique has allowed unprecedented views of DNA packing within toroidal condensates. Toroids oriented coplanar with the microscope image plane exhibit circular fringes with a repeat spacing of 2.4 nm. For some toroids these fringes are observed around almost the entire circumference of the toroid. However, for most toroids well-defined fringes are limited to less than one-third of the total toroid circumference. Some toroids oriented perpendicular to the image plane reveal DNA polymers organized in a hexagonal close-packed lattice; however, for other toroids alternative packing arrangements are observed. To aid interpretation of electron micrographs, three-dimensional model toroids were generated with perfect hexagonal DNA packing throughout, as well as more physically realistic models that contain crossover points between DNA loops. Simulated transmission electron microscopy images of these model toroids in different orientations faithfully reproduce most features observed in cryoelectron micrographs of actual toroids.

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Metadata

Authors
Hud, N. V., & Downing, K. H.
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
2001-12-04
Volume
98
Issue
26
Pages
14925-14930
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W2041811684
Cited by
270
References
28
FWCI
4.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Cryoelectron microscopy of λ phage DNA condensates in vitreous ice: The fine structure of DNA toroids. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.261560398
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Hud, N. V., & Downing, K. H. (2001). Cryoelectron microscopy of λ phage DNA condensates in vitreous ice: The fine structure of DNA toroids. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.261560398

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.