The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Adenosine Triphosphate-Induced Sliding of Tubules in Trypsin-Treated Flagella of Sea-Urchin Sperm
Open accessAbstract
Axonemes isolated from the sperm of the sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla , were briefly digested with trypsin. The digested axonemes retained their typical structure of a cylinder of nine doublet-tubules surrounding a pair of single tubules. The digestion modified the axonemes so that the subsequent addition of 0.1 mM ATP caused them to disintegrate actively into individual tubules and groups. The nucleotide specificity and divalent-cation requirements of this disintegration reaction paralleled those of flagellar motility, suggesting that the underlying mechanisms were closely related. Observations by dark-field microscopy showed that the disintegration resulted from active sliding between groups of the outer doublet-tubules, together with a tendency for the partially disintegrated axoneme to coil into a helix. Our evidence supports the hypothesis that the propagated bending waves of live-sperm tails are the result of ATP-induced shearing forces between outer tubules which, when resisted by the native structure, lead to localized sliding and generate an active bending moment.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Lighthill, J. (1976) · SIAM Review · doi:10.1137/1018040 · Cited by 738
Nasal mucociliary clearance as a factor in nasal drug delivery
Marttin, E., Schipper, N. G. M., Verhoef, J. C., & Merkus, F. W. H. M. (1998) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0169-409x(97)00059-8 · Cited by 469
Direction of active sliding of microtubules in Tetrahymena cilia.
Sale, W. S., & Satir, P. (1977) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.74.5.2045 · Cited by 320
The Chlamydomonas FLA10 gene encodes a novel kinesin-homologous protein.
Walther, Z., Vashishtha, M., & Hall, J. L. (1994) · The Journal of cell biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.126.1.175 · Cited by 226
A latent adenosine triphosphatase form of dynein 1 from sea urchin sperm flagella.
Gibbons, I. R., & Fronk, E. (1979) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)30290-9 · Cited by 208
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Summers, K. E., & Gibbons, I. R.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1971-12
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 3092-3096
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2051255332
- Cited by
- 697
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 9.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Adenosine Triphosphate-Induced Sliding of Tubules in Trypsin-Treated Flagella of Sea-Urchin Sperm. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.68.12.3092
- The paper
- Summers, K. E., & Gibbons, I. R. (1971). Adenosine Triphosphate-Induced Sliding of Tubules in Trypsin-Treated Flagella of Sea-Urchin Sperm. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.68.12.3092
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
