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An effect of castration and testosterone replacement on a circadian pacemaker in mice (Mus musculus).
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Castration of mice in freerunning conditions (total darkness, DD) causes a reduction of running wheel activity in the beginning of the active period (alpha) and stimulates activity at the end of alpha. Simultaneously, the period (tau) of the freerunning rhythm is increased. Both effects are abolished by implantation of a Silastic capsule from which a physiological dose of testosterone is released at a constant rate. The results are tentatively explained by differential endocrine influences on two oscillating components in the pacemaker of the circadian activity rhythm.
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“Indeed, in adult laboratory rodents a wide variety of gonadal hormones can affect the phase of circadian rhythms, including estrogens, progestins, androgens, and non-traditional neuroactive steroids (e.g., rats: [8, 17], hamsters: [49, 51, 129], mice: [23, 47, 78, 90], degus: [80, 100]).”
From The neuroendocrine control of the circadian system: Adolescent chronotype (2012) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“Gonadal hormones can influence other circadian parameters as well, including endogenous period [7, 23, 47, 49, 91, 129, 212], rhythm amplitude [8, 17, 100], range of entrainment [49], zeitgeber sensitivity [23, 51, 79, 81], and oscillator coupling [126, 128, 187].”
From The neuroendocrine control of the circadian system: Adolescent chronotype (2012) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“For example, castrated adult male rodents under entrained and free-running conditions had activity that was more dispersed across the active period [128], such that activity at the beginning of their active period in the early night was less cohesive, diminished, lost, or delayed [47, 49, 78, 90, 128, although see 23 and 80].”
From The neuroendocrine control of the circadian system: Adolescent chronotype (2012) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“In these previous studies, the administration of testosterone or dihydrotestosterone to castrated adult males was able to restore the normal circadian activity patterns [47, 78, 90, 128] and estrogen treatment was able to reconsolidate rhythms in ovariectomized rats [187, 203].”
From The neuroendocrine control of the circadian system: Adolescent chronotype (2012) · cites this paper as [47]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Daan, S., Damassa, D., Pittendrigh, C. S., & Smith, E. R.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1975-09
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3744-3747
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC433074
- OpenAlex
- W2146972815
- Cited by
- 207
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 3.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The Mouseion at the JAXlibrary (Jackson Laboratory) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- castration, testosterone replacement therapy, circadian pacemaker, circadian activity rhythm, wheel running, period length, mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Castration, Circadian Rhythm, Drug Implants, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Motor Activity, Testosterone, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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