Cited by 182Carcinogens and Genotoxicity AssessmentPhytochemicals and Antioxidant ActivitiesBioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents

Fecalase: a model for activation of dietary glycosides to mutagens by intestinal flora

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Tamura, G, Gold, C, Ferro-Luzzi, A, Ames, B N·1980·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Abstract

Many substances in the plant kingdom and in man's diet occur as glycosides. Recent studies have indicated that many glycosides that are not mutagenic in tests such as the Salmonella test become mutagenic upon hydrolysis of the glycosidic linkages. The Salmonella test utilizes a liver homogenate to approximate mammalian metabolism but does not provide a source of the enzymes present in intestinal bacterial flora that hydrolyze the wide variety of glycosides present in nature. We describe a stable cell-free extract of human feces, fecalase, which is shown to contain various glycosidases that allow the in vitro activation of many natural glycosides to mutagens in the Salmonella/liver homogenate test. Many beverages, such as red wine (but apparently not white wine) and tea, contain glycosides of the mutagne quercetin. Red wine, red grape juice, and tea were mutagenic in the test when fecalase was added, and red wine contained considerable direct mutagenic activity in the absence of fecalase. The implications of quercetin mutagenicity and carcinogenicity are discussed.

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Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.77.8.4961

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38 of 38 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Authors
Tamura, G., Gold, C., Ferro-Luzzi, A., & Ames, B. N.
Affiliations
Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca per gli Alimenti e la Nutrizione (IT)
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
1980-08
Volume
77
Issue
8
Pages
4961-4965
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W2003822832
Cited by
182
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
FWCI
9.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents
Keywords
intestinal bacterial flora, glycosidic bond cleavage, mutagenic activation, Ames test, quercetin, red wine, tea, grape juice, glycoside hydrolases, carcinogenicity
MeSH terms
Adult, Biotransformation, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Feces, Glycoside Hydrolases, Glycosides, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Mutagens, Substrate Specificity, Tea, Wine

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