Cited by 618Ion channel regulation and functionNeuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyReceptor Mechanisms and Signaling

Mu and delta receptors belong to a family of receptors that are coupled to potassium channels.

Open access
North, R A, Williams, J T, Surprenant, A, Christie, M J·1987·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Abstract

The effects of agonists at mu and delta opioid receptors were compared by measuring membrane currents under voltage clamp from neurons of the rat nucleus locus coeruleus and guinea pig submucous plexus. In each tissue, the appropriate selective agonist (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-MePhe-Gly-ol for mu receptors in locus coeruleus or Tyr-D-Pen-Gly-Phe-D-Pen for delta receptors in submucous plexus) increased the conductance of an inwardly rectifying potassium conductance and strongly hyperpolarized the membrane. The properties of the potassium conductance affected by the two opioids could not be distinguished. Experiments with intracellular application of guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate indicated that a guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein was involved in the coupling between opioid receptor and potassium channel, but there was no evidence for activation of either cAMP-dependent protein kinase or protein kinase C. It is noted that a number of vertebrate neurotransmitter receptors are coupled to potassium channels. The potassium conductance associated with these channels has properties similar to the conductance activated by mu and delta opioids; this family includes the following receptors: acetylcholine M2, norepinephrine alpha 2, dopamine D2, 5-hydroxytryptamine 5-HT1, adenosine A1, gamma-aminobutyric acid GABAB, and somatostatin. It is suggested that this conductance is a conserved neuronal effector coupled to one of the receptor types that mediates the effects of each of several major transmitters. The mu and delta opioid receptors appear to be unusual in that both utilize this same effector mechanism.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.84.15.5487

Cites

42 of 42 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
North, R. A., Williams, J. T., Surprenant, A., & Christie, M. J.
Affiliations
Oregon Health & Science University (US)
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
1987-08
Volume
84
Issue
15
Pages
5487-5491
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W2165498557
Cited by
618
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
FWCI
13.63
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA03160, DA03161)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 32979)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Keywords
mu-opioid receptor, delta opioid receptor, potassium channels, receptor-effector coupling, G proteins, locus coeruleus neurons, submucosal plexus, hyperpolarization, neurotransmitter receptors, G protein-coupled receptors, protein kinase A, protein kinase C
MeSH terms
Animals, beta-Endorphin, Electric Conductivity, Endorphins, Enkephalin, Methionine, Enkephalins, Guinea Pigs, Ion Channels, Locus Coeruleus, Membrane Potentials, Narcotics, Neurons, Potassium, Receptors, Opioid, Receptors, Opioid, mu, Receptors, Opioid, delta, GTP-Binding Proteins, Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-, Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-, Rats

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review