The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Progression of human papillomavirus type 18-immortalized human keratinocytes to a malignant phenotype
Abstract
We have developed a model system for progression of human epithelial cells to malignancy, using a human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV-18)-immortalized human keratinocyte cell line. Cells of cell line FEP-1811 were nontumorigenic in athymic mice through at least 12 passages in culture, but after 32 passages were weakly tumorigenic, producing tumors that regressed. After 62 passages they produced invasive squamous cell carcinomas that grew progressively. The progression to malignancy was associated with an increase in the efficiency of forming colonies in soft agar and with altered differentiation properties. In an organotypic culture system, FEP-1811 cells at passages 12 and 32 exhibited features typical of premalignant intraepithelial neoplasia in vivo, and cells at passage 68 exhibited features consistent with squamous cell carcinomas. No change in copy number of the transfected HPV-18 genome or in the level of expression of the viral transforming gene products E6 and E7 was detected between tumorigenic and nontumorigenic cells. Cytogenetic analysis of cells at early, middle, and late passage levels and cells cultured from tumors revealed that several chromosomal abnormalities segregated with the tumorigenic cell populations.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Despite the fact that expression of high-risk oncogenes in primary human keratinocytes can cause cellular immortalization, with the cells exhibiting many characteristics of premalignant lesions, these cells do not form tumours when injected into nude mice.”
From The Not-So-Good, the Bad and the Ugly: HPV E5, E6 and E7 Oncoproteins in the Orchestration of Carcinogenesis (2021) · cites this paper as [309]
In the citing paper
“Additional oncogenic events are necessary for malignant progression to occur, such as expression of oncogenes like ras or fos, or accumulation of oncogenic mutations over prolonged passaging in culture [307,308,309,310]”
From The Not-So-Good, the Bad and the Ugly: HPV E5, E6 and E7 Oncoproteins in the Orchestration of Carcinogenesis (2021) · cites this paper as [309]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The human papilloma virus-16 E7-oncoprotein is able to bind to the retinoblastoma gene product
Dyson, N., Howley, P. M., Münger, K., & Harlow, E. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2537532 · Cited by 3,017
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- [19]McCance, D. J., Kopan, R., Fuchs, E. & Laimins, L. A. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 7169–7173.
- [21]Pecoraro, G., Morgan, D. & Defendi, V. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 563–567.
- [31]Steinberg, M. L. & Defendi, V. (1979) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 801–805.
Cited by
Genetic and Epigenetic Changes in Human Epithelial Cells Immortalized by Telomerase
Farwell, D. G., Shera, K. A., Koop, J. I., Bonnet, G. A., Matthews, C. P., Reuther, G. W., Coltrera, M. D., McDougall, J. K., & Klingelhutz, A. J. (2000) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)65025-0 · Cited by 196
Self-citationBasukala, O., & Banks, L. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13101892 · Cited by 137
Metadata
- Authors
- Hurlin, P. J., Kaur, P., Smith, P. P., Perez-Reyes, N., Blanton, R. A., & McDougall, J. K.
- Affiliations
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1991-01-15
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 570-574
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- 1091-6490
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 1
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Progression of human papillomavirus type 18-immortalized human keratinocytes to a malignant phenotype. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.88.2.570
- The paper
- Hurlin, P. J., Kaur, P., Smith, P. P., Perez-Reyes, N., Blanton, R. A., & McDougall, J. K. (1991). Progression of human papillomavirus type 18-immortalized human keratinocytes to a malignant phenotype. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.88.2.570