The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Identification of a determinant within the human immunodeficiency virus 1 surface envelope glycoprotein critical for productive infection of primary monocytes.
Open accessAbstract
Profound differences exist in the replicative capacities of various human immunodeficiency virus 1 isolates in primary human monocytes. To investigate the molecular basis for these differences, recombinant full-length clones were constructed by reciprocal DNA fragment exchange between a molecular clone derived from a monocyte-tropic isolate (ADA) and portions of two full-length clones incapable of infection or replication in primary monocyte cultures (HXB2 and NL4-3). Virions derived from proviral clones that contained ADA sequences encoding vpu and the N and C termini of the surface envelope glycoprotein (gp120) were incapable of replication in monocytes. However, a 283-base-pair ADA sequence encoding amino acids 240-333 of the mature gp120 protein conferred the capacity for high-level virus replication in primary monocytes. The predicted amino acid sequence of this ADA clone differed from NL4-3 and HXB2 at 22 of 94 residues in this portion of gp120, which includes the entire third variable domain. Only 2 of 11 residues implicated in CD4 binding are located in this region of gp120 and are identical in HXB2, NL4-3, and ADA. Alignment of the ADA sequence with published amino acid sequences of three additional monocyte-replicative and three monocyte-nonreplicative clones indicates 6 discrete residues with potential involvement in conferring productive human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection of primary monocytes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual
Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E., & Maniatis, T. (1989) · UCLA - Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud · Cited by 133,589
DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors
Sanger, F., Nicklen, S., & Coulson, A. R. (1977) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463 · Cited by 68,572
Poiesz, B. J., Ruscetti, F. W., Gazdar, A. F., Bunn, P. A., Minna, J. D., & Gallo, R. C. (1980) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.77.12.7415 · Cited by 5,043
The CD4 (T4) antigen is an essential component of the receptor for the AIDS retrovirus
Dalgleish, A. G., Beverley, P. C. L., Clapham, P. R., Crawford, D. H., Greaves, M. F., & Weiss, R. A. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/312763a0 · Cited by 3,533
Adachi, A., Gendelman, H. E., Koenig, S., Folks, T., Willey, R., Rabson, A., & Martin, M. A. (1986) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.59.2.284-291.1986 · Cited by 2,834
Self-citationComplete nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III
Ratner, L., Haseltine, W., Patarca, R., Livak, K. J., Starcich, B., Josephs, S. F., Doran, E. R., Rafalski, J. A., Whitehorn, E. A., Baumeister, K., et al. (1985) · Nature · doi:10.1038/313277a0 · Cited by 2,245
Self-citationThe T4 gene encodes the AIDS virus receptor and is expressed in the immune system and the brain
Maddon, P. J., Dalgleish, A. G., McDougal, J. S., Clapham, P. R., Weiss, R. A., & Axel, R. (1986) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90590-8 · Cited by 2,002
The Role of Mononuclear Phagocytes in HTLV-III/LAV Infection
Gartner, S., Markovits, P., Markovitz, D. M., Kaplan, M. H., Gallo, R. C., & Popovic, M. (1986) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3014648 · Cited by 1,807
Leonard, C. K., Spellman, M. W., Riddle, L., Harris, R. J., Thomas, J. N., & Gregory, T. J. (1990) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)86956-3 · Cited by 985
Human Retroviruses and Aids - 1999
Kuiken, C., & Foley, B. (1999) · doi:10.2172/1186019 · Cited by 952
Cited by
CCR3 and CCR5 are co-receptors for HIV-1 infection of microglia
He, J., Chen, Y., Farzan, M., Choe, H., Ohagen, A., Gartner, S., Busciglio, J., Yang, X., Hofmann, W., Newman, W., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/385645a0 · Cited by 913
Zhu, T., Wang, N., Carr, A., Nam, D. S., Moor-Jankowski, R., Cooper, D. A., & Ho, D. D. (1996) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.70.5.3098-3107.1996 · Cited by 441
Wyatt, R., Moore, J., Accola, M., Desjardin, E., Robinson, J., & Sodroski, J. (1995) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.69.9.5723-5733.1995 · Cited by 417
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R localization in infected cells and virions
Lu, Y. L., Spearman, P., & Ratner, L. (1993) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.67.11.6542-6550.1993 · Cited by 278
Self-citationKorber, B. T., Farber, R. M., Wolpert, D. H., & Lapedes, A. S. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.15.7176 · Cited by 257
Metadata
- Authors
- Westervelt, P., Gendelman, H. E., & Ratner, L.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1991-04-15
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 3097-3101
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2128135205
- Cited by
- 264
- References
- 34
- FWCI
- 10.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Identification of a determinant within the human immunodeficiency virus 1 surface envelope glycoprotein critical for productive infection of primary monocytes. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.88.8.3097
- The paper
- Westervelt, P., Gendelman, H. E., & Ratner, L. (1991). Identification of a determinant within the human immunodeficiency virus 1 surface envelope glycoprotein critical for productive infection of primary monocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.88.8.3097
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
