The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R localization in infected cells and virions
Open accessAbstract
The subcellular localization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral protein R (Vpr) was examined by subcellular fractionation. In HIV-1-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Vpr was found in the nuclear and membrane fractions as well as the conditioned medium. Expression of Vpr without other HIV-1 proteins, in two different eukaryotic expression systems, demonstrated a predominant localization of Vpr in the nuclear matrix and chromatin extract fractions. Deletion of the carboxyl-terminal 19-amino-acid arginine-rich sequence impaired Vpr nuclear localization. Indirect immunofluorescence confirmed the nuclear localization of Vpr and also indicated a perinuclear location. Expression of Vpr alone did not result in export of the protein from the cell, but when coexpressed with the Gag protein, Vpr was exported and found in virus-like particles. A truncated Gag protein, missing the p6 sequence and a portion of the p9 sequence, was incapable of exporting Vpr from the cell. Regulation of Vpr localization may be important in the influence of this protein on virus replication.
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Human immunodeficiency virus vpr product is a virion-associated regulatory protein
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Self-citation
Cited by
Heinzinger, N. K., Bukinsky, M. I., Haggerty, S. A., Ragland, A. M., Kewalramani, V, Lee, M. A., Gendelman, H. E., Ratner, L., Stevenson, M., & Emerman, M. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.15.7311 · Cited by 854
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Jacotot, E., Ravagnan, L., Loeffler, M., Ferri, K. F., Vieira, H. L. A., Zamzami, N., Costantini, P., Druillennec, S., Hoebeke, J., Briand, J. P., et al. (2000) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.191.1.33 · Cited by 450
Freed, E. O. (2002) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.76.10.4679-4687.2002 · Cited by 425
Re, F., Braaten, D., Franke, E. K., & Luban, J. (1995) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.69.11.6859-6864.1995 · Cited by 375
Metadata
- Authors
- Lu, Y. L., Spearman, P., & Ratner, L.
- Venue
- Journal of Virology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 1993-11
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 6542-6550
- ISSN
- 0022-538X (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5514
- OpenAlex
- W1961313548
- Cited by
- 278
- References
- 36
- FWCI
- 7.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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