The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Do all programmed cell deaths occur via apoptosis?
Open accessAbstract
During development, large numbers of cells die by a nonpathological process referred to as programmed cell death. In many tissues, dying cells display similar changes in morphology and chromosomal DNA organization, which has been termed apoptosis. Apoptosis is such a widely documented phenomenon that many authors have assumed all programmed cell deaths occur by this process. Two well-characterized model systems for programmed cell death are (i) the death of T cells during negative selection in the mouse thymus and (ii) the loss of intersegmental muscles of the moth Manduca sexta at the end of metamorphosis. In this report we compare the patterns of cell death displayed by T cells and the intersegmental muscles and find that they differ in terms of cell-surface morphology, nuclear ultrastructure, DNA fragmentation, and polyubiquitin gene expression. Unlike the T cells, which are known to die via apoptosis, we find that the intersegmental muscles display few of the features that characterize apoptosis. These data suggest that more than one cell death mechanism is used during development.
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Cites
Genetic control of programmed cell death in the nematode C. elegans
Ellis, H. (1986) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90004-8 · Cited by 1,828
Cell death and control of cell survival in the oligodendrocyte lineage
Barres, B. A., Hart, I. K., Coles, H. S. R., Burne, J. F., Voyvodic, J. T., Richardson, W. D., & Raff, M. C. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90531-g · Cited by 1,345
Cited by
Apoptosis: A Review of Programmed Cell Death
Elmore, S. (2007) · Toxicologic Pathology · doi:10.1080/01926230701320337 · Cited by 13,853
Programmed Cell Death in Plants.
Pennell, R. I., & Lamb, C. (1997) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1105/tpc.9.7.1157 · Cited by 852
The autophagosomal–lysosomal compartment in programmed cell death
Bursch, W. (2001) · Cell Death & Differentiation · doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400852 · Cited by 616
Chapter 1 Anatomical Methods in Cell Death
Kerr, J. F. R., Gobé, G. C., Winterford, C. M., & Harmon†, B. V. (1995) · Methods in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s0091-679x(08)61921-4 · Cited by 469
The Role of Calcium in the Regulation of Apoptosis
McConkey, D. J., & Orrenius, S. (1997) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7409 · Cited by 462
Metadata
- Authors
- Schwartz, L. M., Smith, S. W., Jones, M. E., & Osborne, B. A.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1993-02
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 980-984
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2049886823
- Cited by
- 533
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 15.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Do all programmed cell deaths occur via apoptosis? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.90.3.980
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- Schwartz, L. M., Smith, S. W., Jones, M. E., & Osborne, B. A. (1993). Do all programmed cell deaths occur via apoptosis? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.3.980
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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