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Loss of all ndh genes as determined by sequencing the entire chloroplast genome of the black pine Pinus thunbergii.
Open accessAbstract
The complete nucleotide sequence (119,707 bp) of the black pine (Pinus thunbergii) chloroplast genome has been determined. It contains 4 rRNA genes and 32 tRNA genes. To our knowledge, the tRNAPro (GGG) gene has not been found in any other chloroplast genome analyzed. Sixty-one genes encoding proteins and 11 conserved open reading frames are also found. Extensive rearrangements are apparent in the chloroplast genome relative to those of other land plants. The most striking feature is the loss of all 11 functional genes (ndh genes) for subunits of a putative NADH dehydrogenase that are found in the chloroplast genomes of angiosperms and a bryophyte. Four ndh genes were completely lost and the other 7 genes remain as obvious pseudogenes. This unexpected finding raises the possibility that all ndh genes have been transferred to the nucleus or that an NADH dehydrogenase is not essential in black pine chloroplasts.
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Cites
The Endosymbiont Hypothesis Revisited
Gray, M. W. (1992) · International Review of Cytology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(08)62068-9 · Cited by 586
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Wicke, S., Schneeweiss, G. M., dePamphilis, C. W., Müller, K. F., & Quandt, D. (2011) · Plant Molecular Biology · doi:10.1007/s11103-011-9762-4 · Cited by 1,624
Gene transfer to the nucleus and the evolution of chloroplasts
Martin, W., Stoebe, B., Goremykin, V., Hansmann, S., Hasegawa, M., & Kowallik, K. V. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/30234 · Cited by 772
The role of trace metals in photosynthetic electron transport in O2-evolving organisms
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Kim, K.-J. (2004) · DNA Research · doi:10.1093/dnares/11.4.247 · Cited by 554
Millen, R. S., Olmstead, R. G., Adams, K. L., Palmer, J. D., Lao, N. T., Heggie, L., Kavanagh, T. A., Hibberd, J. M., Gray, J. C., Morden, C. W., et al. (2001) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1105/tpc.13.3.645 · Cited by 503
Metadata
- Authors
- Wakasugi, T., Tsudzuki, J., Ito, S., Nakashima, K., Tsudzuki, T., & Sugiura, M.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1994-10-11
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 9794-9798
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2003674398
- Cited by
- 480
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 5.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Loss of all ndh genes as determined by sequencing the entire chloroplast genome of the black pine Pinus thunbergii. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.91.21.9794
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- Wakasugi, T., Tsudzuki, J., Ito, S., Nakashima, K., Tsudzuki, T., & Sugiura, M. (1994). Loss of all ndh genes as determined by sequencing the entire chloroplast genome of the black pine Pinus thunbergii. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.21.9794
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