The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Targeted disruption of the mZP3 gene results in production of eggs lacking a zona pellucida and infertility in female mice.
Open accessAbstract
Mammalian eggs are surrounded by a thick extracellular coat, the zona pellucida, that plays important roles during early development. The mouse egg zona pellucida is constructed of three glycoproteins, called mZP1, mZP2, and mZP3. The gene encoding mZP3 is expressed only by growing oocytes during a 2- to 3-week period of oogenesis. Here, the mZP3 gene was disrupted by targeted mutagenesis using homologous recombination in mouse embryonic stem cells. Viable female mice homozygous for the mutated mZP3 allele (mZP3-/-) were obtained. These mice are indistinguishable in appearance from wild-type (mZP3+/+) and heterozygous (mZP3+/-) littermates. However, although ovaries of juvenile and adult mZP3-/- females possess growing and fully grown oocytes, the oocytes completely lack a zona pellucida. Consistent with this observation, eggs recovered from oviducts of superovulated, adult mZP3-/- females also lack a zona pellucida. Thus far, mZP3-/- females mated with wild-type males have failed to become pregnant.
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Citations
Cited by
Jin, M., Fujiwara, E., Kakiuchi, Y., Okabe, M., Satouh, Y., Baba, S. A., Chiba, K., & Hirohashi, N. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1018202108 · Cited by 422
A profile of fertilization in mammals
Wassarman, P. M., Jovine, L., & Litscher, E. S. (2001) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/35055178 · Cited by 393
Self-citationNew insights into the molecular mechanisms of sperm-egg interaction
Nixon, B., Aitken, R. J., & McLaughlin, E. A. (2007) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-007-6552-x · Cited by 103
Towards the Molecular Basis of Sperm and Egg Interaction during Mammalian Fertilization
Wassarman, P. M., & Litscher, E. S. (2001) · Cells Tissues Organs · doi:10.1159/000016804 · Cited by 69
Self-citationZP2 cleavage blocks polyspermy by modulating the architecture of the egg coat
Nishio, S., Emori, C., Wiseman, B., Fahrenkamp, D., Dioguardi, E., Zamora-Caballero, S., Bokhove, M., Han, L., Stsiapanava, A., Algarra, B., et al. (2024) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.013 · Cited by 54
Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, C., Litscher, E. S., Mortillo, S., Sakai, Y., Kinloch, R. A., Stewart, C. L., & Wassarman, P. M.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1996-05-28
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 5431-5436
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2082827470
- Cited by
- 259
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 16.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Targeted disruption of the mZP3 gene results in production of eggs lacking a zona pellucida and infertility in female mice. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.93.11.5431
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- Liu, C., Litscher, E. S., Mortillo, S., Sakai, Y., Kinloch, R. A., Stewart, C. L., & Wassarman, P. M. (1996). Targeted disruption of the mZP3 gene results in production of eggs lacking a zona pellucida and infertility in female mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.11.5431
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