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A new endogenous natriuretic factor: LLU-alpha.
Open accessAbstract
For over three decades, renal physiology has sought a putative natriuretic hormone (third factor) that might control the body's pool of extracellular fluid, an important determinant in hypertension, congestive heart failure, and cirrhosis. In our search for this hormone, we have isolated several pure natriuretic factors from human uremic urine that would appear, alone or in combination, to mark a cluster of phenomena previously presumed to be that of a single "natriuretic hormone." This paper reports the purification, chemical structure, and total synthesis of the first of these compounds, LLU-alpha, which proved to be 2,7,8-trimethyl-2-(beta-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman, presumably a metabolite of gamma-tocopherol. Both natural LLU-alpha and synthetic material are identical (except for optical activity) with respect to structure and biological activity. It appears that the natriuretic activity of LLU-alpha is mediated by inhibition of the 70 pS K+ channel in the apical membrane of the thick ascending limb of the kidney.
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Citations
Cited by
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The European perspective on vitamin E: current knowledge and future research
Brigelius-Flohé, R., Kelly, F. J., Salonen, J. T., Neuzil, J., Zingg, J.-M., & Azzi, A. (2002) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/76.4.703 · Cited by 585
Vitamin E: action, metabolism and perspectives
Herrera, E., & Barbas, C. (2001) · Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/bf03179812 · Cited by 401
Bioavailability and metabolism
Stahl, W. (2002) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0098-2997(02)00016-x · Cited by 286
Tocopherol measurement in edible products of vegetable origin
Gómez-Coronado, D. J. M., Ibañez, E., Rupérez, F. J., & Barbas, C. (2004) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2004.08.072 · Cited by 94
Metadata
- Authors
- Wechter, W. J., Kantoci, D., Murray, E. D., D'Amico, D. C., Jung, M. E., & Wang, W. H.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1996-06-11
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 6002-6007
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2061772020
- Cited by
- 198
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 1.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A new endogenous natriuretic factor: LLU-alpha. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.93.12.6002
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- Wechter, W. J., Kantoci, D., Murray, E. D., D'Amico, D. C., Jung, M. E., & Wang, W. H. (1996). A new endogenous natriuretic factor: LLU-alpha. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.12.6002
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