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Cited by 258

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Unification of the Copper(I) Binding Affinities of the Metallo-chaperones Atx1, Atox1, and Related Proteins

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Xiao, Zhiguang, Brose, Jens, Schimo, Sonja, Ackland, Susan M., La Fontaine, Sharon, Wedd, Anthony G.·2011·Journal of Biological Chemistry

Abstract

Literature estimates of metal-protein affinities are widely scattered for many systems, as highlighted by the class of metallo-chaperone proteins, which includes human Atox1. The discrepancies may be attributed to unreliable detection probes and/or inconsistent affinity standards. In this study, application of the four Cu(I) ligand probes bicinchoninate, bathocuproine disulfonate, dithiothreitol (Dtt), and glutathione (GSH) is reviewed, and their Cu(I) affinities are re-estimated and unified. Excess bicinchoninate or bathocuproine disulfonate reacts with Cu(I) to yield distinct 1:2 chromatophoric complexes [Cu(I)L(2)](3-) with formation constants β(2) = 10(17.2) and 10(19.8) m(-2), respectively. These constants do not depend on proton concentration for pH ≥7.0. Consequently, they are a pair of complementary and stable probes capable of detecting free Cu(+) concentrations from 10(-12) to 10(-19) m. Dtt binds Cu(I) with K(D) ∼10(-15) m at pH 7, but it is air-sensitive, and its Cu(I) affinity varies with pH. The Cu(I) binding properties of Atox1 and related proteins (including the fifth and sixth domains at the N terminus of the Wilson protein ATP7B) were assessed with these probes. The results demonstrate the following: (i) their use permits the stoichiometry of high affinity Cu(I) binding and the individual quantitative affinities (K(D) values) to be determined reliably via noncompetitive and competitive reactions, respectively; (ii) the scattered literature values are unified by using reliable probes on a unified scale; and (iii) Atox1-type proteins bind Cu(I) with sub-femtomolar affinities, consistent with tight control of labile Cu(+) concentrations in living cells.

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Metadata

Authors
Xiao, Z., Brose, J., Schimo, S., Ackland, S. M., La Fontaine, S., & Wedd, A. G.
Venue
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-04
Volume
286
Issue
13
Pages
11047-11055
ISSN
0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1980099457
Cited by
258
References
35
FWCI
16.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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Xiao, Z., Brose, J., Schimo, S., Ackland, S. M., La Fontaine, S., & Wedd, A. G. (2011). Unification of the Copper(I) Binding Affinities of the Metallo-chaperones Atx1, Atox1, and Related Proteins. Journal of Biological Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m110.213074

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