Erythrocytosis-associated HIF-2α Mutations Demonstrate a Critical Role for Residues C-terminal to the Hydroxylacceptor Proline
Open accessAbstract
A classic physiologic response to hypoxia in humans is the up-regulation of the ERYTHROPOIETIN (EPO) gene, which is the central regulator of red blood cell mass. The EPO gene, in turn, is activated by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). HIF is a transcription factor consisting of an alpha subunit (HIF-alpha) and a beta subunit (HIF-beta). Under normoxic conditions, prolyl hydroxylase domain protein (PHD, also known as HIF prolyl hydroxylase and egg laying-defective nine protein) site specifically hydroxylates HIF-alpha in a conserved LXXLAP motif (where underlining indicates the hydroxylacceptor proline). This provides a recognition motif for the von Hippel Lindau protein, a component of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that targets hydroxylated HIF-alpha for degradation. Under hypoxic conditions, this inherently oxygen-dependent modification is arrested, thereby stabilizing HIF-alpha and allowing it to activate the EPO gene. We previously identified and characterized an erythrocytosis-associated HIF2A mutation, G537W. More recently, we reported two additional erythrocytosis-associated HIF2A mutations, G537R and M535V. Here, we describe the functional characterization of these two mutants as well as a third novel erythrocytosis-associated mutation, P534L. These mutations affect residues C-terminal to the LXXLAP motif. We find that all result in impaired degradation and thus aberrant stabilization of HIF-2alpha. However, each exhibits a distinct profile with respect to their effects on PHD2 binding and von Hippel Lindau interaction. These findings reinforce the importance of HIF-2alpha in human EPO regulation, demonstrate heterogeneity of functional defects arising from these mutations, and point to a critical role for residues C-terminal to the LXXLAP motif in HIF-alpha.
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- Authors
- Furlow, P. W., Percy, M. J., Sutherland, S., Bierl, C., McMullin, M. F., Master, S. R., Lappin, T. R. J., & Lee, F. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Belfast City Hospital (GB)
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Frank S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-04
- Volume
- 284
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 9050-9058
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2666553
- OpenAlex
- W2023382136
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Pennsylvania
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA090261)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Keywords
- HIF-2α, erythrocytosis, prolyl hydroxylase 2, PHD2, von Hippel-Lindau protein, hypoxia, protein stability
- MeSH terms
- Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1, Amino Acid Sequence, Cell Line, Humans, Hydroxylation, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Polycythemia, Proline, Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase, Protein Binding, Sequence Alignment, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors, Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein, Biocatalysis
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