The β-Arrestins: Multifunctional Regulators of G Protein-coupled Receptors
Open accessAbstract
The β-arrestins (βarrs) are versatile, multifunctional adapter proteins that are best known for their ability to desensitize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), but also regulate a diverse array of cellular functions. To signal in such a complex fashion, βarrs adopt multiple conformations and are regulated at multiple levels to differentially activate downstream pathways. Recent structural studies have demonstrated that βarrs have a conserved structure and activation mechanism, with plasticity of their structural fold, allowing them to adopt a wide array of conformations. Novel roles for βarrs continue to be identified, demonstrating the importance of these dynamic regulators of cellular signaling.
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Both G-protein signal activation and the beta-arrestin pathway may facilitate weight loss by inhibiting adipogenesis and inflammatory response.
“It appears that both G-protein signal activation and the beta-arrestin pathway may facilitate weight loss by inhibiting adipogenesis and inflammatory response [23,27].”
From New Developments in Pharmacological Treatment of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes—Beyond and within GLP-1 Receptor Agonists (2024) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Smith, J. S., & Rajagopal, S.
- Affiliations
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rajagopal, Sudarshan
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-04
- Volume
- 291
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 8969-8977
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4861465
- OpenAlex
- W2300047490
- Cited by
- 294
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 8
- FWCI
- 3.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (HL114643, 5T32GM007171)
- Burroughs Wellcome Fund (Career Award for Medical Scientists)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- beta-arrestin, G protein-coupled receptors, receptor desensitization, β-arrestin signaling, adaptor proteins, structural plasticity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Protein Conformation, Signal Transduction, Arrestin, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
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