Alcohol and its acute effects on resting metabolic rate and diet-induced thermogenesis
Open accessAbstract
The impact of alcohol (ethanol) on resting energy expenditure of male non-obese volunteers was determined in two studies. In the first study the thermic effect of alcohol on resting metabolic rate (RMR) was assessed in ten male non-obese volunteers. In the second study the impact of alcohol on diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) was determined in twelve male non-obese volunteers. Energy expenditure was measured with a ventilated-hood system. RMR was measured for 60 min with the subjects in a fasting state. In the first study subjects received in random order 20 g alcohol in concentrations of 75, 180 and 300 ml/I water respectively. After measurement of the RMR the thermic effect of alcohol was measured for 90 min. In the second study volunteers received in random order and in duplicate either a meal of food (2 MJ) plus an alcoholic aperitif (20 g alcohol in a 180 ml/1 solution) or an isoenergetic meal of food alone (2.55 MJ) plus a placebo aperitif containing no alcohol. DIT was measured for 240 min. Alcohol induced a significant thermic effect, which varied between 0.22 and 0.30 kJ/min. No systematic difference in DIT was observed among the different concentrations. DIT was not significantly affected by the ingestion of alcohol. Total DIT was 219 (SE 14) kJ for the alcohol treatment and 185 (SE 20) kJ for the control treatment. The results do not support the suggestion that alcohol is less efficiently used as an energy source in comparison with, for example, fats and carbohydrates.
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Caffeine increases energy expenditure for 4 hours, while alcohol raises it for 2 hours.
“Caffeine increases energy expenditure for 4 hours (40–42), while alcohol raises it for 2 hours (43, 44).”
From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [44]
The Results report that alcohol increased metabolic rate in fasting subjects and that it remained elevated at the end of the 90-minute measurement. They do not establish that the increase lasts exactly two hours. This citation is attached to the alcohol clause, so the caffeine claim is outside its scope. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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References 32 · Cited by 31
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- Jequier, E. (1985). Direct and indirect calorimetry. In Substrate undEnergy Metabolism, pp. 82-92 [
- Kinney, J. M. [editor] (1 980). The application of indirect calorimetry to clinical studies. In Assessment of Energy Metabolism in Health and Disease, pp. 4 2 4 8 . Columbus : Ross Laboratories.
- G. F. Castineau, W. L. Darby and T. B. Turner, editors]. New York: Academic Press.
- Lieber, C. S. (1982). Medical Disorders of AIcoho1i.m: Pathogenesi.? and Treatment. Philadelphia : Saunders.
- World Health Organization (1980). Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption. Technical Report Series no. 650. Geneva: WHO. Prevalence Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 41, 623-630. 21 228
- G. Bray, editor]. London: John Libbey. intake and relative body weight among US adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 42, 289-295. health status. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 41, 356~ 362. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 29, 1093-1 103. 33, 2709-27 18. Nederland. Resultaten van de voedselconsumptiepeiling 1987-1988. Rijswijk : Staatsdrukkerij. 55, 207-209. 185-196. expenditure in man. Journal of Clinical Investigution 78, 1568 1578. Nutrition 40, 293-298. 79, 1019-1025. Printed in Great Britain https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19900042 Published online by Cambridge University Press
- Authors
- Weststrate, J. A., Wunnink, I., Deurenberg, P., & Hautvast, J. G. A. J.
- Affiliations
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Venue
- British Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1990-09
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 413-425
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2108744158
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- alcohol, ethanol, resting metabolic rate, diet-induced thermogenesis, energy expenditure, alcohol concentration, aperitif, non-obese men
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Ethanol, Basal Metabolism, Body Temperature Regulation, Carbon Dioxide, Diet, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Male, Oxygen Consumption, Respiration, Time Factors
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