Chronobiology and meal times: internal and external factors
Open accessAbstract
Although homeostatic mechanisms remain of utmost importance, rhythmic changes are present also. The main ones have a period of 24 h (circadian) or about 2–3 h (ultradian). Circadian rhythms are derived from a body clock, found in the base of the brain, and from the pattern of our sleep wake cycle, including activity and meal times. These rhythms promote the regular changes between an active wake period and a recuperative sleep period. Ultradian rhythms are also widespread and reflect external (lifestyle) and internal factors. The internal factors include biochemical need and some sort of oscillator; but details of how many oscillators, and exactly where they are, remain to be established. Food intake, appetite, digestion and metabolism have been shown to illustrate these principles. Moreover, these principles become important when special circumstances exist as far as meal times are concerned; the particular diffculties of night workers is a good example.
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Feeding and regular meal times can adjust circadian rhythms.
“Feeding and regular meal times can even adjust circadian rhythms [19].”
From Homeostatic and Circadian Control of Food Intake: Clinical Strategies to Prevent Overconsumption (2013) · cites this paper as [19]
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References 41 · Cited by 76
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- Authors
- Waterhouse, J., Minors, D., Atkinson, G., & Benton, D.
- Affiliations
- Liverpool John Moores University (GB)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Swansea University (GB)
- Venue
- British Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1997-04
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- S29-S38
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2147610494
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Teesside University Research Portal (Teesside University) (submittedVersion)
- TeesRep (Teesside University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Keywords
- chronobiology, meal timing, circadian rhythm, ultradian rhythms, biological clock, sleep-wake cycle, appetite, dietary intake, digestion, metabolism, night shift workers, lifestyle factors
- MeSH terms
- Energy Intake, Chronobiology Phenomena, Feeding Behavior, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Humans, Occupations, Periodicity, Work Schedule Tolerance
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