The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The general theory of van der Waals forces
Abstract
Publisher Summary The van der Waals forces refer to the attractive forces acting between any two neutral atoms or molecules that are separated by distance large compared to their own dimensions. These forces are of a long-range nature, which decrease with distance according to a power law. The basic idea of the theory is that the interaction between the bodies is considered to take place through a fluctuating electromagnetic field. This field is always present in the interior of a material medium and it also extends beyond its boundaries because of the thermodynamic fluctuations. Any change in the electrical proper ties of the medium in a certain region will, by Maxwell's equations, lead to a change in the fluctuation field that extends beyond that region. Therefore, the part of the free energy that is related to electromagnetic fluctuations is not determined by the properties of the substance solely at the point considered.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Image scanning ellipsometry for measuring nonuniform film thickness profiles
Liu, A.-H., Wayner, P. C., & Plawsky, J. L. (1994) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.33.001223 · Cited by 46
Physical-aware model accuracy estimation for protein complex using deep learning method
Wang, H., Sun, M., Xie, L., Liu, D., & Zhang, G. (2025) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2025.01.017 · Cited by 5
“The smaller the distance between the two, the greater the interaction force (such as van der Waals force) [48,49].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Dzyaloshinskii, I. E., Lifshitz, E. M., & Pitaevskii, L. P.
- Venue
- Advances in Physics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1961-04
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 38
- Pages
- 165-209
- ISSN
- 0001-8732 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-6976
- OpenAlex
- W2017408836
- Cited by
- 1,737
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 4.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The general theory of van der Waals forces. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/00018736100101281
- The paper
- Dzyaloshinskii, I. E., Lifshitz, E. M., & Pitaevskii, L. P. (1961). The general theory of van der Waals forces. Advances in Physics. https://doi.org/10.1080/00018736100101281
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
