The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Harmony, Hierarchy and Conservatism: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Confucian Values in China, Korea, Japan, and Taiwan
Open accessAbstract
This study examined 1,631 college students’ endorsement of traditional Confucian values in four East Asian cultural contexts (i.e., China, Korea, Japan and Taiwan). Findings showed that young people endorsed values of interpersonal harmony the most, followed by the relational hierarchy and traditional conservatism respectively. Results also indicated that participants in China provided the highest ratings for interpersonal harmony and relational hierarchy among the four cultures. Finally, results demonstrated that Japanese females were more conservative than Japanese males and females in China and Taiwan. Results were discussed in the philosophical tradition of Confucianism, globalization and culture change in the East Asian cultures.
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“Comparative research provides evidence that participants in China rank particularly high on relational hierarchy even relative to other East Asian groups (Zhang et al., 2005) and low on egalitarianism, whereas participants in the United States rank moderately high on both dimensions (Schwartz, 2006).”
From Let Nature Take Its Course: Cultural Adaptation and Pilot Test of Taoist Cognitive Therapy for Chinese American Immigrants With Generalized Anxiety Disorder (2020) · cites this paper as Zhang et al., 2005
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, Y. B., Lin, M.-C., Nonaka, A., & Beom, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Kansas (US)
- Venue
- Communication Research Reports
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2005-06
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 107-115
- ISSN
- 0882-4096 (ISSN-L)
- 1746-4099
- OpenAlex
- W2156641974
- Cited by
- 388
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 3.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Communication Research Reports (publishedVersion)
- KU ScholarWorks (University of Kansas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Cultural Differences and Values
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Chinese history and philosophy
- Social Sciences › Education › Values and Moral Education
- Keywords
- Confucian values, interpersonal harmony, relational hierarchy, conservatism, cross-cultural comparison, East Asian culture, gender differences, globalization, cultural change, university students, China, Korea, Japan, Taiwan
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