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Estimation of charcoal (char) in soils
Abstract
A method for the semiquantitative estimation of charcoal (char) in soils is reported. The technique, performed on the <53 μm fraction of soils, utilizes the highly aromatic nature of char and its relative stability to two hours of high energy ultraviolet photo‐oxidation compared to other soil carbon fractions. The proportion of char in the <53 μm fraction is estimated as the aromatic carbon (C) content measured by solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using cross polarization and magic angle spinning. Corrections are made for the underestimate of aryl C by the cross polarization method in highly condensed aromatic char structures and for the small lignin content that occurs in some samples. Evidence is also provided for the occurrence of >90% of soil char in the <53 μm fraction. Because of the assumptions used, estimates of char by this approach must be considered to be semiquantitative, but are conservative and provide estimates of the minimum char content of a soil.
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Cited by
A review of biochar and its use and function in soil
Sohi, S. P., Krull, E., Lopez-Capel, E., & Bol, R. (2010) · Advances in Agronomy · doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(10)05002-9 · Cited by 2,240
Black Carbon Increases Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils
Liang, B., Lehmann, J., Solomon, D., Kinyangi, J., Grossman, J., O'Neill, B., Skjemstad, J. O., Thies, J., Luizão, F. J., Petersen, J., et al. (2006) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.2136/sssaj2005.0383 · Cited by 2,191
Biochar stability in soil: meta-analysis of decomposition and priming effects
Wang, J., Xiong, Z., & Kuzyakov, Y. (2016) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12266 · Cited by 1,316
Redox Properties of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar)
Klüpfel, L., Keiluweit, M., Kleber, M., & Sander, M. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es500906d · Cited by 1,119
How does fire affect the nature and stability of soil organic nitrogen and carbon? A review
Knicker, H. (2007) · Biogeochemistry · doi:10.1007/s10533-007-9104-4 · Cited by 874
Metadata
- Authors
- Skjernstad, J. O., Taylor, J. A., & Smernik, R. J.
- Venue
- Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1999-09
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 15-16
- Pages
- 2283-2298
- ISSN
- 0010-3624 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-2416
- OpenAlex
- W2040396208
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 19.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Estimation of charcoal (char) in soils. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/00103629909370372
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- Skjernstad, J. O., Taylor, J. A., & Smernik, R. J. (1999). Estimation of charcoal (char) in soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629909370372
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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