The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Redox Properties of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar)
Abstract
Soils and sediments worldwide contain appreciable amounts of thermally altered organic matter (chars). Chars contain electroactive quinoid functional groups and polycondensed aromatic sheets that were recently shown to be of biogeochemical and envirotechnical relevance. However, so far no systematic investigation of the redox properties of chars formed under different pyrolysis conditions has been performed. Here, using mediated electrochemical analysis, we show that chars made from different feedstock and over a range of pyrolysis conditions are redox-active and reversibly accept and donate up to 2 mmol electrons per gram of char. The analysis of two thermosequences revealed that chars produced at intermediate to high heat treatment temperatures (HTTs) (400-700 °C) show the highest capacities to accept and donate electrons. Combined electrochemical, elemental, and spectroscopic analyses of the thermosequence chars provide evidence that the pool of redox-active moieties is dominated by electron-donating, phenolic moieties in the low-HTT chars, by newly formed electron accepting quinone moieties in intermediate-HTT chars, and by electron accepting quinones and possibly condensed aromatics in the high-HTT chars. We propose to consider chars in environmental engineering applications that require controlled electron transfer reactions. Electroactive char components may also contribute to the redox properties of traditionally defined "humic substances".
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Citations
Cites
Dynamic Molecular Structure of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar)
Keiluweit, M., Nico, P. S., Johnson, M. G., & Kleber, M. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9031419 · Cited by 3,230
Self-citationHumic substances as electron acceptors for microbial respiration
Lovley, D. R., Coates, J. D., Blunt-Harris, E. L., Phillips, E. J. P., & Woodward, J. C. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/382445a0 · Cited by 1,834
Beesley, L., Moreno-Jiménez, E., Gomez-Eyles, J. L., Harris, E., Robinson, B., & Sizmur, T. (2011) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2011.07.023 · Cited by 1,610
Biochar reduces the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of heavy metals
Park, J. H., Choppala, G. K., Bolan, N. S., Chung, J. W., & Chuasavathi, T. (2011) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-011-0948-y · Cited by 1,157
An investigation into the reactions of biochar in soil
Joseph, S. D., Camps-Arbestain, M., Lin, Y., Munroe, P., Chia, C. H., Hook, J., van Zwieten, L., Kimber, S., Cowie, A., Singh, B. P., et al. (2010) · Soil Research · doi:10.1071/sr10009 · Cited by 1,111
Biochar's role in mitigating soil nitrous oxide emissions: A review and meta-analysis
Cayuela, M. L., van Zwieten, L., Singh, B. P., Jeffery, S., Roig, A., & Sánchez-Monedero, M. A. (2014) · Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.009 · Cited by 1,053
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The immobilisation and retention of soluble arsenic, cadmium and zinc by biochar
Beesley, L., & Marmiroli, M. (2011) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2010.10.016 · Cited by 769
Biochar and denitrification in soils: when, how much and why does biochar reduce N2O emissions?
Cayuela, M. L., Sánchez-Monedero, M. A., Roig, A., Hanley, K., Enders, A., & Lehmann, J. (2013) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep01732 · Cited by 743
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Cited by
Zhu, X., Chen, B., Zhu, L., & Xing, B. (2017) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.032 · Cited by 1,021
Biochar in climate change mitigation
Lehmann, J., Cowie, A., Masiello, C. A., Kammann, C., Woolf, D., Amonette, J. E., Cayuela, M. L., Camps-Arbestain, M., & Whitman, T. (2021) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00852-8 · Cited by 970
Fang, G., Liu, C., Gao, J., Dionysiou, D. D., & Zhou, D. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es5061512 · Cited by 887
Rapid electron transfer by the carbon matrix in natural pyrogenic carbon
Sun, T., Levin, B. D. A., Guzman, J. J. L., Enders, A., Muller, D. A., Angenent, L. T., & Lehmann, J. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms14873 · Cited by 626
Organic coating on biochar explains its nutrient retention and stimulation of soil fertility
Hagemann, N., Joseph, S., Schmidt, H.-P., Kammann, C. I., Harter, J., Borch, T., Young, R. B., Varga, K., Taherymoosavi, S., Elliott, K. W., et al. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01123-0 · Cited by 616
Metadata
- Authors
- Klüpfel, L., Keiluweit, M., Kleber, M., & Sander, M.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-05-05
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 5601-5611
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W1975756430
- Cited by
- 1,119
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 27.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Klüpfel, L., Keiluweit, M., Kleber, M., & Sander, M. (2014). Redox Properties of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar). Environmental Science & Technology. https://doi.org/10.1021/es500906d
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