Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 696

The DOI matches its OpenAlex record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Third-order multireference perturbation theory The CASPT3 method

Hans‐Joachim Werner·1996·Molecular Physics

Abstract

Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory is applied to compute second and third-order correlation energies using complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) zeroth-order wavefunctions. The first-order wavefunction is expanded in a basis of internally contracted configurations. The zeroth-order Hamiltonian is a sum of one-electron effective Fock operators, which are invariant to unitary transformations among the active orbitals. Comparisons with FCI data are made for the singlet-triplet splitting of CH2 and the barrier height and exothermicity of the F + H2 reaction. Potential energy functions and spectroscopic data are computed for C2, CN, CO, CF,N2, NO, O2, and F2 using large basis sets. It is demonstrated that the third-order results (CASPT3) are significantly more accurate than the second-order (CASPT2) ones. The equilibrium distances and harmonic frequencies obtained with CASPT3 are found to be as accurate as MRCI and RCCSD(T) values, while dissociation energies are generally somewhat too small. Modifications of the zeroth-order Hamiltonian as recently proposed by Andersson are found to have a much smaller effect on the third-order energies than on the second-order ones.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

OpenAlex · 10.1080/00268979609482499

Cites

43 of 43 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 43 references

Cited by

See all 696

Metadata

Authors
Werner, H.
Venue
Molecular Physics
Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Published
1996-10-01
Volume
89
Issue
2
Pages
645-661
ISSN
0026-8976 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2068474360
Cited by
696
References
43
FWCI
6.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Third-order multireference perturbation theory The CASPT3 method. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/00268979609482499
The paper
Werner, H. (1996). Third-order multireference perturbation theory The CASPT3 method. Molecular Physics. https://doi.org/10.1080/00268979609482499

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.