The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Human Affection Exchange: VIII. Further Evidence of the Benefits of Expressed Affection
Abstract
Affection exchange theory speaks to the benefits that affectionate communication elicits, not only when it is received but also when it is communicated to others. Previous research has provided evidence for the individual and relational benefits of having a high trait affection level, yet these benefits may partially be accounted for by the affectionate behavior one elicits from others by being affectionate in the first place. We addressed the validity of this alternative hypothesis in this project, first by re-analyzing data in which we compared correlations between trait affection level and various benefits with the same correlations after controlling for received affection. Next, in three studies involving a total sample of 1,144 people, we further investigated the benefits of expressed affection, both on its own and when received affection is covaried out. Results indicated that affection expressed to others is associated with numerous individual and relational benefits, including increased happiness and self esteem, decreased fear of intimacy and susceptibility to depression, and higher relationship satisfaction. Many of these effects are attenuated—and some are intensified—when affection received from others is held constant.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Based on the maturity of biofeedback technique, such as eyetracking and EEG, affection computing was increasingly adopted to investigate students' internal motivations on learning, such as creativity and responsibility [49,50].”
From A Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education from 2010 to 2020 (2021) · cites this paper as [50]
Citations
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
A Global Measure of Perceived Stress
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2136404 · Cited by 32,807
Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
Rosenberg, M. (1965) · doi:10.1515/9781400876136 · Cited by 30,126
The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement
Gouldner, A. W. (1960) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2092623 · Cited by 12,001
Handbook of Positive Psychology
(2001) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195135336.001.0001 · Cited by 9,158
Journal of social behavior and personality
(1986) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(86)90025-5 · Cited by 6,751
Handbook of personality theory and research
Wilson, G. (1991) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(91)90043-b · Cited by 3,562
Two Shorter Forms of the CES-D Depression Symptoms Index
Kohout, F. J., Berkman, L. F., Evans, D. A., & Cornoni‐Huntley, J. C. (1993) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/089826439300500202 · Cited by 2,292
A Generic Measure of Relationship Satisfaction
Hendrick, S. S. (1988) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/352430 · Cited by 2,270
Positive Psychology, Positive Prevention, and Positive Therapy
Seligman, M. E. P. (2001) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195135336.003.0001 · Cited by 1,735
Flourishing: Positive psychology and the life well-lived.
(2003) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10594-000 · Cited by 1,303
Rubin, Z. (1970) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0029841 · Cited by 1,254
Attachment in adults: Clinical and developmental perspectives.
Sperling, M. R., & Berman, W. (1994) · Guilford Press eBooks · Cited by 852
Firo: A Three-Dimensional Theory of Interpersonal Behavior
Atelsek, F. J., & Schutz, W. C. (1959) · The American Catholic Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/3708975 · Cited by 743
FIRO, A Three-Dimensional Theory of Interpersonal Behavior
Schutz, W. C. (1958) · Journal of Symbolic Logic · Cited by 720
The use of the General Health Questionnaire as an indicator of mental health in occupational studies
Banks, M. H., Clegg, C., Jackson, P. R., Kemp, N. J., Stafford, E. M., & Wall, T. D. (1980) · Journal of Occupational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1980.tb00024.x · Cited by 690
Schutz, W. C. (1966) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 466
Recent advances in social psychology : an international perspective
Forgas, J. P., & Innes, J. M. (1989) · Elsevier eBooks · Cited by 440
Happiness as a function of personality and social encounters.
Argyle, M., Martin, M. P., & Crossland, J. (1989) · Cited by 427
Validation of the General Health Questionnaire in a young community sample
Banks, M. H. (1983) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700050972 · Cited by 389
Toward a positive psychology of relationships.
Reis, H. T., & Gable, S. L. (2003) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10594-006 · Cited by 305
The measurement of affectionate communication
Floyd, K., & Morman, M. T. (1998) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463379809370092 · Cited by 253
Self-citationWestern Journal of Communication
Aiello, G. (2016) · Cited by 247
Floyd, K. (2006) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511606649 · Cited by 229
Self-citationTHE TENDING INSTINCT: HOW NURTURING IS ESSENTIAL TO WHO WE ARE AND HOW WE LIVE (2002)
Taylor, S. E. (2004) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840490486845 · Cited by 209
Human affection exchange: V. Attributes of the highly affectionate
Floyd, K. (2002) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463370209385653 · Cited by 199
Self-citationAttachment‐style differences in intimacy and involvement: A test of the four‐category model
Guerrero, L. K. (1996) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637759609376395 · Cited by 154
Idiomatic Communication and Interpersonal Solidarity in Friends' Relational Cultures
Bell, R. A., & Healey, J. G. (1992) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1992.tb00555.x · Cited by 154
Floyd, K., & Morman, M. T. (2000) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637750009376516 · Cited by 132
Self-citationFloyd, K. (2001) · The Journal of Men s Studies · doi:10.3149/jms.1001.39 · Cited by 102
Self-citationFloyd, K., & Morman, M. T. (1997) · Western Journal of Communication · doi:10.1080/10570319709374578 · Cited by 85
Self-citationThe Relationship Events Scale: A Guttman Scaling of Progress in Courtship
King, C. E., & Christensen, A. (1983) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/351672 · Cited by 78
Downs, V. C., & Javidi, M. (1990) · Journal of Applied Communication Research · doi:10.1080/00909889009360313 · Cited by 78
LOVE AS SENSORY STIMULATION: PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ITS DEPRIVATION AND EXPRESSION
Komisaruk, B. R., & Whipple, B. (1998) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0306-4530(98)00062-6 · Cited by 73
Owen, W. F. (1987) · Women s Studies in Communication · doi:10.1080/07491409.1987.11089701 · Cited by 66
Human affection exchange: VII. Affectionate communication in the sibling/spouse/sibling‐in‐law triad
Floyd, K., & Morr, M. C. (2003) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463370309370155 · Cited by 58
Self-citationFloyd, K., & Morman, M. T. (2001) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463370109385631 · Cited by 55
Self-citationAttributional patterns for expressions of love
Booth‐Butterfield, M., & Trotta, M. R. (1994) · Communication Reports · doi:10.1080/08934219409367594 · Cited by 47
Touching as Teaching: The Effect of Touch on Students' Perceptions and Performance
Steward, A. L., & Lupfer, M. B. (1987) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1987.tb00340.x · Cited by 40
Human affection exchange: IV. Vocalic predictors of perceived affection in initial interactions
Floyd, K., & Ray, G. B. (2003) · Western Journal of Communication · doi:10.1080/10570310309374758 · Cited by 39
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Floyd K, 2004, Human affection exchange: IX. Neurological hemispheric dominance and reactions to shifts in affectionate behavior
- Floyd K, 2002, “At the mention of your name”: Affect shifts induced by relationship-specific cognitions
- Oliver JM, 1993, Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 8, 405
- Rotter JB, 1972, Applications of a social learning theory of personality
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education from 2010 to 2020
Zhai, X., Chu, X., Chai, C. S., Jong, M. S. Y., Istenic, A., Spector, M., Liu, J.-B., Yuan, J., & Li, Y. (2021) · Complexity · doi:10.1155/2021/8812542 · Cited by 1,364
“Based on the maturity of biofeedback technique, such as eyetracking and EEG, affection computing was increasingly adopted to investigate students' internal motivations on learning, such as creativity and responsibility [49, 50].”
Schrodt, P., Ledbetter, A. M., & Ohrt, J. K. (2007) · Journal of Family Communication · doi:10.1080/15267430709336667 · Cited by 210
Brown, S. L., & Brown, R. M. (2015) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.04.004 · Cited by 212
Giving to Others and the Association Between Stress and Mortality
Poulin, M. J., Brown, S. L., Dillard, A. J., & Smith, D. M. (2013) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2012.300876 · Cited by 171
Schoenfeld, E. A., Loving, T. J., Pope, M. T., Huston, T. L., & Štulhofer, A. (2016) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-015-0672-4 · Cited by 167
Metadata
- Authors
- Floyd, K., Hess, J. A., Miczo, L. A., Halone, K. K., Mikkelson, A. C., & Tusing, K. J.
- Affiliations
- Arizona State University (US)
- Venue
- Communication Quarterly
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2005-08
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 285-303
- ISSN
- 0040-8573 (ISSN-L)
- 0146-3373
- 1746-4102
- OpenAlex
- W2065360617
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Communication Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Power and Status Dynamics
- Keywords
- affection exchange theory, happiness, self-esteem, fear of intimacy, depression vulnerability, relationship satisfaction, interpersonal communication, romantic relationships
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
