Cited by 856Psychometric Methodologies and TestingSurvey Methodology and NonresponsePlace Attachment and Urban Studies

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Rethinking Internal Consistency in Cronbach’s Alpha

Vaske, Jerry J., Beaman, Jay, Sponarski, Carly C.·2017·Leisure Sciences

DOI 10.1080/01490400.2015.1127189

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Abstract

Cronbach's alpha estimates the internal consistency of responses in multi-item bipolar scales. This article examined three research questions (RQ): (1) To what extent do inconsistencies exist in data (e.g., responses of −2 −2 2 2)? (2) Does the number of scale items influence the amount of inconsistency? (3) Does Cronbach's alpha mask inconsistencies? Data were obtained from 29 research projects (n = 10,616). Each survey had place attachment questions comprising two concepts: place identity and place dependence. Respondents were classified as consistent or inconsistent based on their responses to the place attachment questions. Results demonstrated that: (a) inconsistent response patterns existed in the data (RQ1), (b) number of scale items influenced amount of inconsistency (RQ2), and (c) alpha masked these inconsistencies (RQ3). Discussion focused on implications of these findings.

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Authors: Vaske, J. J., Beaman, J., & Sponarski, C. C.
Affiliations: Colorado State University (US)
Stanford University (US)
Corresponding author: Vaske, Jerry J.
ORCID: Vaske, Jerry J.
Sponarski, Carly C.
Venue: Leisure Sciences
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2016-05-06
Volume: 39
Issue: 2
Pages: 163-173
ISSN: 0149-0400 (ISSN-L)
1521-0588
DOI: 10.1080/01490400.2015.1127189
OpenAlex: W2345483851
Cited by: 856
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 95 · 2025: 146 · 2024: 149 · 2023: 127 · 2022: 115 · 2021: 106 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2
FWCI: 19.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Leisure Sciences (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Place Attachment and Urban Studies
Keywords: Cronbach's alpha, internal consistency, bipolar scales, place attachment, place identity, place dependence, scale reliability

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Rethinking Internal Consistency in Cronbach’s Alpha

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