The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Goodness of Fit
Abstract
The test is based on the maximum difference between an empirical and a hypothetical cumulative distribution. Percentage points are tabled, and a lower bound to the power function is charted. Confidence limits for a cumulative distribution are described. Examples are given. Indications that the test is superior to the chi-square test are cited.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test [42] rejected the normality assumption”
From Mobile Sensing and Support for People With Depression: A Pilot Trial in the Wild (2016) · cites this paper as [42]
Citations
Cites
Metropolis, N., & Ulam, S. (1949) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1949.10483310 · Cited by 6,474
Table for Estimating the Goodness of Fit of Empirical Distributions
Smirnov, N. (1948) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177730256 · Cited by 1,723
Heuristic Approach to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Theorems
Doob, J. L. (1949) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177729991 · Cited by 524
Giornale dell'Istituto italiano degli attuari
attuari, I. I. D. (1930) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 449
On the Choice of the Number of Class Intervals in the Application of the Chi Square Test
Mann, H. B., & Wald, A. (1942) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177731569 · Cited by 279
On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Limit Theorems for Empirical Distributions
Feller, W. (1948) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177730243 · Cited by 239
Non-parametric Statistical Inference
Wolfowitz, J. (1949) · Project Euclid (Cornell University) · Cited by 174
Confidence Limits for Continuous Distribution Functions
Wald, A., & Wolfowitz, J. (1939) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177732209 · Cited by 146
Statistical Inference in the Non-Parametric Case
Scheffé, H. (1943) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177731355 · Cited by 97
The Choice of the Number and Width of Classes for the Chi-Square Test of Goodness of Fit
Williams, C. A. (1950) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1950.10483336 · Cited by 85
A Note on the Power of a Non-Parametric Test
Massey, F. J. (1950) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177729803 · Cited by 58
Self-citationA Note on the Estimation of a Distribution Function by Confidence Limits
Massey, F. J. (1950) · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · doi:10.1214/aoms/1177729891 · Cited by 45
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Smirnov H., 1939, Recueil MathématiqueMatematiceskii Sbornik), 3
- Snedecor George W., 1946, Statistical Methods,
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Forouzanfar, M. H., Afshin, A., Alexander, L. T., Anderson, H. R., Bhutta, Z. A., Biryukov, S., Brauer, M., Burnett, R., Cercy, K., Charlson, F. J., et al. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31679-8 · Cited by 7,698
On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Normality with Mean and Variance Unknown
Lilliefors, H. W. (1967) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2283970 · Cited by 4,530
Tests for Specification Errors in Classical Linear Least-Squares Regression Analysis
Ramsey, J. B. (1969) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology) · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1969.tb00796.x · Cited by 3,388
Gakidou, E., Afshin, A., Abajobir, A. A., Abate, K. H., Abbafati, C., Abbas, K. M., Abd-Allah, F., Abdulle, A. M., Abera, S. F., Aboyans, V., et al. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32366-8 · Cited by 2,406
A technology‐based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion
Bond, T. C., Streets, D. G., Yarber, K. F., Nelson, S. M., Woo, J., & Klimont, Z. (2004) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2003jd003697 · Cited by 2,393
Metadata
- Authors
- Massey, F. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Oregon (US)
- Corresponding author
- Massey, Frank J.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Statistical Association
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1951-03
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 253
- Pages
- 68-78
- ISSN
- 0162-1459 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-274X
- OpenAlex
- W4255375128
- Cited by
- 7,210
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 529 · 2025: 691 · 2024: 580 · 2023: 591 · 2022: 576 · 2021: 562 · 2020: 490 · 2019: 432 · 2018: 369 · 2017: 351 · 2016: 285 · 2015: 273 · 2014: 215 · 2013: 226 · 2012: 181
- FWCI
- 6.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Statistical Association (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Probability and Statistical Research
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Applications
- Keywords
- Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, goodness of fit, empirical distribution function, cumulative distribution function, percentage points, power function, confidence limits
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review