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Cited by 2,393Atmospheric chemistry and aerosolsToxic Organic Pollutants ImpactAdvanced Combustion Engine Technologies

A technology‐based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion

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Bond, Tami C., Streets, David G., Yarber, Kristen F., Nelson, Sibyl M., Woo, Jung‐Hun, Klimont, Zbigniew·2004·Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
DOI 10.1029/2003jd003697
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Abstract

We present a global tabulation of black carbon (BC) and primary organic carbon (OC) particles emitted from combustion. We include emissions from fossil fuels, biofuels, open biomass burning, and burning of urban waste. Previous “bottom‐up” inventories of black and organic carbon have assigned emission factors on the basis of fuel type and economic sector alone. Because emission rates are highly dependent on combustion practice, we consider combinations of fuel, combustion type, and emission controls and their prevalence on a regional basis. Central estimates of global annual emissions are 8.0 Tg for black carbon and 33.9 Tg for organic carbon. These estimates are lower than previously published estimates by 25–35%. The present inventory is based on 1996 fuel‐use data, updating previous estimates that have relied on consumption data from 1984. An offset between decreased emission factors and increased energy use since the base year of the previous inventory prevents the difference between this work and previous inventories from being greater. The contributions of fossil fuel, biofuel, and open burning are estimated as 38%, 20%, and 42%, respectively, for BC, and 7%, 19%, and 74%, respectively, for OC. We present a bottom‐up estimate of uncertainties in source strength by combining uncertainties in particulate matter emission factors, emission characterization, and fuel use. The total uncertainties are about a factor of 2, with uncertainty ranges of 4.3–22 Tg/yr for BC and 17–77 Tg/yr for OC. Low‐technology combustion contributes greatly to both the emissions and the uncertainties. Advances in emission characterization for small residential, industrial, and mobile sources and top‐down analysis combining field measurements and transport modeling with iterative inventory development will be required to reduce the uncertainties further.

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Authors
Bond, T. C., Streets, D. G., Yarber, K. F., Nelson, S. M., Woo, J., & Klimont, Z.
Affiliations
  • NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research (US)
  • Argonne National Laboratory (US)
  • University of Iowa (US)
  • International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (AT)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Publisher
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Published
2004-07-24
Volume
109
Issue
D14
ISSN
0148-0227 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1029/2003jd003697
OpenAlex
W2164231461
Cited by
2,393
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 54 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 135 · 2022: 113 · 2021: 173 · 2020: 145 · 2019: 115 · 2018: 127 · 2017: 135 · 2016: 139 · 2015: 119 · 2014: 122 · 2013: 139 · 2012: 125
FWCI
45.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (publishedVersion)
  • IIASA PURE (International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • University of Washington
  • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
  • Biological and Environmental Research
  • Argonne National Laboratory
  • NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
  • Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes › Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
Keywords
black carbon, organic carbon, combustion emissions, emission inventory, biomass burning, biofuels, fossil fuel combustion, emission uncertainty, particulate matter

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