The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Use of Faces to Represent Points in k-Dimensional Space Graphically
Abstract
A novel method of representing multivariate data is presented. Each point in k-dimensional space, k≤18, is represented by a cartoon of a face whose features, such as length of nose and curvature of mouth, correspond to components of the point. Thus every multivariate observation is visualized as a computer-drawn face. This presentation makes it easy for the human mind to grasp many of the essential regularities and irregularities present in the data. Other graphical representations are described briefly.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Plots of High-Dimensional Data
Andrews, D. F. (1972) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2528964 · Cited by 765
A Semigraphical Method for the Analysis of Complex Problems
Anderson, E. (1960) · Technometrics · doi:10.1080/00401706.1960.10489905 · Cited by 115
Speeth, S. D. (1961) · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · doi:10.1121/1.1908843 · Cited by 39
Cited by
(2008) · Journal of Machine Learning Research · Cited by 33,051
Information visualization and visual data mining
Keim, D. A. (2002) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/2945.981847 · Cited by 1,633
Environmental Impact Assessment: "Pseudoreplication" in Time?
Stewart-Oaten, A., Murdoch, W. W., & Parker, K. R. (1986) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1939815 · Cited by 1,331
Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
(2021) · doi:10.1145/3411764 · Cited by 1,240
Hyperdimensional Data Analysis Using Parallel Coordinates
Wegman, E. J. (1990) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1990.10474926 · Cited by 688
Metadata
- Authors
- Chernoff, H.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Statistical Association
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1973-06
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 342
- Pages
- 361-368
- ISSN
- 0162-1459 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-274X
- OpenAlex
- W2158307450
- Cited by
- 1,375
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 11.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Use of Faces to Represent Points in k-Dimensional Space Graphically. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/01621459.1973.10482434
- The paper
- Chernoff, H. (1973). The Use of Faces to Represent Points in k-Dimensional Space Graphically. Journal of the American Statistical Association. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1973.10482434
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.