Cited by 788Gender Studies in LanguageDiscourse Analysis in Language StudiesLinguistic Variation and Morphology

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Gender Differences in Language Use: An Analysis of 14,000 Text Samples

Newman, Matthew L., Groom, Carla J., Handelman, Lori D., Pennebaker, James W.·2008·Discourse Processes

DOI 10.1080/01638530802073712

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Abstract

Differences in the ways that men and women use language have long been of interest in the study of discourse. Despite extensive theorizing, actual empirical investigations have yet to converge on a coherent picture of gender differences in language. A significant reason is the lack of agreement over the best way to analyze language. In this research, gender differences in language use were examined using standardized categories to analyze a database of over 14,000 text files from 70 separate studies. Women used more words related to psychological and social processes. Men referred more to object properties and impersonal topics. Although these effects were largely consistent across different contexts, the pattern of variation suggests that gender differences are larger on tasks that place fewer constraints on language use.

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Schultz, P. (2017) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) · doi:10.26153/tsw/2817 · Cited by 1
“Few studies have investigated gender differences in written texts, Newman et al. (2008), Mulac & Lundell (1994) and Koppel et al (2002) being the notable exceptions.”
Background
Gender and Text Messaging in an Iranian Context
Gohardehi, N., & Gheitury, A. (2014) · Iranian Studies · doi:10.1080/00210862.2014.906185 · Cited by 1
Language and Gender
Aljohani, N. J. (2016) · International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research · doi:10.14299/ijser.2016.03.003 · Cited by 1
La concordancia comitativa en español: caracterización general y valores discursivos
Pato, E., & Mare, M. (2017) · Revista Española de Lingüística · Cited by 1
A Computerized Analysis of Gender Linguistic Patterns as Reflected in the Jordanians’ Facebook Statuses: Lexical Items, Affect, Theme, Identity and More
Shati, A. (2018) · International Journal of Computer Applications · doi:10.5120/ijca2018918242 · Cited by 1
“Also, the term affect is used to refer to 'the author's evaluations, opinions, emotions and speculations' [5].”
Background
Style mówienia o zadowoleniu a wybrane cechy osobowości kobiet
Kosacka, K. (2019) · Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia · doi:10.17951/j.2018.31.4.161-178 · Cited by 1
GENDER AND AGE: LANGUAGE USE IN TV SERIES & THE IMPACT TO ENGLISH LEARNING
Lina, M. F. (2019) · Journal of Pragmatics Research · doi:10.18326/jopr.v1i2.100-117 · Cited by 1
Gender and affiliation differences in topic selection in U.S. congressional speeches
Lenard, D. B., & Omazić, M. (2018) · ExELL · doi:10.2478/exell-2020-0001 · Cited by 1
Gender and Language
Koç, D. K. (2020) · Advances in linguistics and communication studies · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-6508-7.ch010 · Cited by 1
Equity during peer conferences: A linguistic comparison by race and gender
Reinholz, D. L. (2018) · Journal of Research in STEM Education · doi:10.51355/jstem.2018.35 · Cited by 1
Tracing the Emergence of Gendered Language in Childhood.
Prystawski, B., Grant, E., Nematzadeh, A., Lee, S. W. S., Stevenson, S., & Xu, Y. (2020) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 1
The Gestalt Shift: The Role of the Narrator’s Gender in Teaching Literary Texts
Alhasan, A., & Omar, N. (2019) · Language Teaching Research Quarterly · doi:10.32038/ltrq.2019.13.05 · Cited by 1
Methodological Principles
Kőrtvélyessy, L., Štekauer, P., & Kačmár, P. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009053556.004 · Cited by 1
Impacts relationnels et conjugaux vécus par les conjointes de joueurs pathologiques : comparaisons des perceptions des joueurs et de leurs conjointes
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“…the previous researches conducted by (Jiménez, 1997 and Ishikawa, 2015) is that women used more words related to psychological and social processes and more verbs, whereas men discussed current concerns and used more words related to object properties and impersonal topics (Newman et al., 2008).”
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Measuring Gender Bias in West Slavic Language Models
Martinková, S., Stańczak, K., & Augenstein, I. (2023) · Workshop on Slavic Natural Language Processing (SlavicNLP) · doi:10.18653/v1/2023.bsnlp-1.17 · Cited by 3
Verbal Behavior In Individuals With Generalized Anxiety Disorder And Depressive Disorders
Slonim, T. (2014) · CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York) · Cited by 1
Effects of Emotion- and Gratitude-Focused Expressive Writings on Incoming College Students' Adjustment
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Linguistic Masculinity in 1960 Presidential Campaign Rhetoric: Assessing the Role of Sociocultural Context in Shaping Voting BehaviorPreprint
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Online Reviews, Management Responses, and Gender Bias: An Empirical InvestigationPreprint
Proserpio, D., Troncoso, I., & Valsesia, F. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3330790 · Cited by 1
Natural Language Processing for Book Recommender Systems
Alharthi, H. (2019) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-23382 · Cited by 1
“Another study explored differences in the way men and women’s writings (Newman et al., 2008).”
Multimodal Systems: Taxonomy, Methods, and ChallengesPreprint
Baig, M. Z., & Kavakli, M. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2006.03813 · Cited by 5
“Speech combined with gesture input has also utilized to draw sketches [21].”
Method

Authors: Newman, M. L., Groom, C. J., Handelman, L. D., & Pennebaker, J. W.
Affiliations: Arizona State University (US)
Department for Work and Pensions (GB)
Oxford University Press (United Kingdom) (GB)
The University of Texas at Austin (US)
ORCID: Pennebaker, James W.
Venue: Discourse Processes
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2008-05-15
Volume: 45
Issue: 3
Pages: 211-236
ISSN: 0163-853X (ISSN-L)
1532-6950
DOI: 10.1080/01638530802073712
OpenAlex: W2139875525
Cited by: 788
References: 54
Citations by year: 2026: 28 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 59 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 27.49
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Discourse Processes (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Studies in Language
Social Sciences › Linguistics and Language › Discourse Analysis in Language Studies
Social Sciences › Linguistics and Language › Linguistic Variation and Morphology
Keywords: gender differences in language, language use, women's language, men's language, text analysis, topic categories, object properties, discourse analysis

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Gender Differences in Language Use: An Analysis of 14,000 Text Samples

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