The Dirty Work of Poker: Impression Management and Identity
Open accessAbstract
Poker has penetrated mainstream popular culture in recent years with the emergence of internet poker sites and television coverage of poker’s largest events. However, not only do images of seedy, back alley poker games and riverboat gamblers persist in popular culture but the language of addiction has been attached to gambling. We draw on the research on identity, stigma and “dirty work” to examine how poker players negotiate an identity on poker and how that identity is managed both within and outside of the poker community. We show how the strategies players use for deflecting stigma are continually renegotiated.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The professional bridge player is tainted by associations with popular tales of 'card sharp' and in particular the shady world of 'underground poker'.
“it is fair to say that the professional bridge player is tainted by associations with popular tales of 'card sharp' and in particular the shady world of 'underground poker' (Talberg, 2018;Vines & Linders, 2016).”
From Blurring the Boundaries between Leisure and Work: Professionals as Devotees in the Mind-Sport Bridge (2022) · cites this paper as Vines & Linders, 2016
The Introduction says images of seedy, back-alley games and riverboat gamblers remain associated with poker and its players; the Discussion also describes stigma among poker players. These passages support the claim's general point about negative card-playing associations, but they do not establish that professional bridge players are tainted by them or specifically link bridge to ‘card sharps’ or underground poker. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life.
Naegele, K. D., & Goffman, E. (1956) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2089106 · Cited by 26,021 · see citing works
Stigma; Notes On The Management Of Spoiled Identity
Defleur, M., & Goffman, E. (1964) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2575995 · Cited by 23,025 · see citing works
Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity
(1969) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/pgmj.45.527.642 · Cited by 14,251 · see citing works
Mead, G. H., Joas, H., Huebner, D. R., & Morris, C. W. (2015) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226112879.001.0001 · Cited by 12,408 · see citing works
Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans.
Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.797 · Cited by 8,181 · see citing works
Social Identity Theory and the Organization
Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. A. (1989) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1989.4278999 · Cited by 7,978 · see citing works
(2013) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr · Cited by 6,965 · see citing works
(1979) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 5,872 · see citing works
Techniques of Neutralization: A Theory of Delinquency
Sykes, G. M., & Matza, D. (1957) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2089195 · Cited by 5,845 · see citing works
Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes.
Joffe, C. E., Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (1996) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2077613 · Cited by 5,152 · see citing works
Human Nature and the Social Order
Cooley, C. H. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203789513 · Cited by 4,847 · see citing works
Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes
Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (1995) · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226206851.001.0001 · Cited by 4,204 · see citing works
Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, the
&, L. L. K., & Holtz-Bacha, C. (2008) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412953993.n530 · Cited by 3,796 · see citing works
Learning from Strangers: The Art and Method of Qualitative Interview Studies
Adler, P. A., Adler, P., & Weiss, R. S. (1995) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2076552 · Cited by 3,590 · see citing works
The Social Psychology of Stigma
Major, B., & O'Brien, L. T. (2005) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070137 · Cited by 3,114 · see citing works
"How Can You Do It?": Dirty Work and the Challenge of Constructing a Positive Identity
Ashforth, B. E., & Kreiner, G. E. (1999) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1999.2202129 · Cited by 1,664 · see citing works
Gecas, V. (1982) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.so.08.080182.000245 · Cited by 1,541 · see citing works
Wilensky, H. L., & Hughes, E. C. (1959) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2089393 · Cited by 1,106 · see citing works
White Logic, White Methods: Racism and Methodology
Zuberi, T., & Bonilla‐Silva, E. (2008) · Cited by 974 · see citing works
Dutton, J. E., Roberts, L. M., & Bednar, J. S. (2010) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2010.48463334 · Cited by 831 · see citing works
Stigma and prejudice: One animal or two?
Phelan, J. C., Link, B. G., & Dovidio, J. F. (2008) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.022 · Cited by 809 · see citing works
Normalizing Dirty Work: Managerial Tactics For Countering Occupational Taint
Ashforth, B. E., Kreiner, G. E., Clark, M. A., & Fugate, M. (2007) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2007.24162092 · Cited by 624 · see citing works
Contemporary Field Research : Perspectives and Formulations
Emerson, R. M. (2001) · Cited by 511 · see citing works
Kreiner, G. E., Ashforth, B. E., & Sluss, D. M. (2006) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1060.0208 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Social Stigma and Self-Esteem: Situational Construction of Self-Worth
Crocker, J. (1999) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.1998.1369 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Dirty work designations: How police officers account for their use of coercive force
Dick, P. (2005) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726705060242 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Chaudoir, S. R., Earnshaw, V. A., & Andel, S. A. (2013) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973533.2012.746612 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Athletic Identity in Marathon Runners: Functional Focus or Dysfunctional Commitment?
Horton, R. S., & Mack, D. E. (2000) · Journal of sport behavior · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Contesting Stigma: On Goffman's Assumptions of Normative Order
Kusow, A. M. (2004) · Symbolic Interaction · doi:10.1525/si.2004.27.2.179 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Predictive Factors of Excessive Online Poker Playing
Hopley, A. A. B., & Nicki, R. M. (2010) · Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking · doi:10.1089/cyber.2009.0223 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
The Acultural Dimensions of Chronic Pain: Flawed Reality Construction and the Problem of Meaning
Hilbert, R. A. (1984) · Social Problems · doi:10.2307/800384 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Inside the Locker Room: Male Homosociability in the Advertising Industry
Gregory, M. R. (2009) · Gender Work and Organization · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0432.2009.00447.x · Cited by 113 · see citing works
managing the stigma of topless dancing: a decade later
Thompson, W. E., Harred, J. L., & Burks, B. E. (2003) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/713840274 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Stigma and sex work from the perspective of female sex workers in Hong Kong
Wong, W. C. W., Holroyd, E. A., & Bingham, A. L. (2011) · Sociology of Health & Illness · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9566.2010.01276.x · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Poker Mania and Problem Gambling: A Study of Distorted Cognitions, Motivation and Alexithymia
Mitrovic, D. V., & Brown, J. (2009) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-009-9140-1 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Class in construction: London building workers, dirty work and physical cultures1
Thiel, D. (2007) · British Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-4446.2007.00149.x · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Poker Faces: The Life and Work of Professional Card Players.
Scott, M. B., & Hayano, D. M. (1984) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2067647 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Poker Faces: The Life and Work of Professional Card Players.
Crump, T., & Hayano, D. M. (1983) · RAIN · doi:10.2307/3033332 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Working Out Back: The Veterinary Technician and “Dirty Work”
Sanders, C. R. (2010) · Journal of Contemporary Ethnography · doi:10.1177/0891241610366711 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Who you claim: performing gang identity in school and on the streets
Garot, R. (2010) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.48-2386 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Dirty Work: The Social Construction of Taint
Drew, S., Mills, M., & Gassaway, B. M. (2007) · Baylor University Press eBooks · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“It’s the Job that I Love”: Bike Messengers and Edgework
Kidder, J. L. (2006) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1007/s11206-006-9002-x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
A Prostitute's Lived Experiences of Stigma
Tomura, M. (2009) · Journal of Phenomenological Psychology · doi:10.1163/156916209x427981 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Women of color in white households: Coping strategies of live-in domestic workers
Cohen, R. (1991) · Qualitative Sociology · doi:10.1007/bf00992194 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Spoiled Group Identities and Backstage Work
O'Brien, J. R. (2011) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0190272511415389 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
"We are not strippers": How Belly Dancers Manage a (Soft) Stigmatized Serious Leisure Activity
Kraus, R. (2010) · Symbolic Interaction · doi:10.1525/si.2010.33.3.435 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Vocabularies of Motives for Gambling Behavior
Smith, R. W., & Preston, F. W. (1984) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.2307/1389107 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Strategies for the Management of Luck and Action in an Urban Poker Parlor
Hayano, D. M. (1978) · Journal of Contemporary Ethnography · doi:10.1177/089124167800600405 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Bingo!: Hints of Deviance in the Accounts of Sociability and Profit of Bingo Players
Nofziger, S. (2000) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/01639620050184645 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Hood, J. C. (1988) · Journal of Contemporary Ethnography · doi:10.1177/0891241688171004 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Gambling as Stigmatized Behavior: Regional Relabeling and the Law
PRESTON, F. W., Bernhard, B. J., HUNTER, R. E., et al. (1998) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/0002716298556001014 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Odd Jobs: The World of Deviant Work.
Skipper, J. K., & Miller, G. E. (1979) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2065155 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Parental Relationships, Autonomy, and Identity Processes of High School Students
Mullis, R. L., Graf, S. C., & Mullis, A. K. (2009) · The Journal of Genetic Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221320903218356 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Contingency Theory: “Complex Man” or “Complex Organization”?
Shepard, J. M., & Hougland, J. G. (1978) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1978.4305714 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Athletic identity in China: Examining the AIMS in a Hong Kong sample
Li, H. Y., & Andersen, M. B. (2008) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2008.9671860 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The Professional Poker Player: Career Identification and the Problem of Respectability
Hayano, D. M. (1977) · Social Problems · doi:10.2307/800125 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Work Characteristics and Family Routines in Low-Wage Families
Sheely, A. (2010) · The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare · doi:10.15453/0191-5096.3537 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Ethnic Identity and Criminal Offending in a New Zealand Birth Cohort
Marie, D., Fergusson, D. M., & Boden, J. M. (2009) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1375/acri.42.3.354 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The Deal on Testosterone Responses to Poker Competition
Steiner, E. T., Barchard, K. A., Meana, M., et al. (2010) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-010-9071-0 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The Professional Gambler: Fame, Fortune, and Failure
Hayano, D. M. (1984) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/0002716284474001014 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
On the Margins of the Periphery: Unassisted Childbirth and the Management of Layered Stigma
Miller, A. C. (2012) · Sociological Spectrum · doi:10.1080/02732173.2012.694795 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
BECAUSE IT'S FREE POKER! A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF FREE TEXAS HOLD'EM POKER TOURNAMENTS
Bradley, C., & Schroeder, R. D. (2009) · Sociological Spectrum · doi:10.1080/02732170902762006 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Making of the Kelly Girl: Gender and the Origins of the Temp Industry in Postwar America
Hatton, E. (2008) · Journal of Historical Sociology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6443.2008.00328.x · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Kivel, P. (1999) · Cited by 13 · see citing works
From pathological to professional: gambling stories
Istrate, A.-M. (2011) · Journal of Comparative Research in Antropology & Sociology · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The Professional Poker Player: Career Identification and the Problem of Respectability
Hayano, D. M. (1977) · Social Problems · doi:10.1525/sp.1977.24.5.03a00070 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Avery, J. (2009) · Ethnography · doi:10.1177/1466138109346981 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- [14]14. Gecas, Viktor and Peter J. Burke. 1995. "Self and Identity" Pp. 41-67 in Sociological Perspectives on Social Psychology edited by Cook, Karen S., Gary Alan Fine, and James S.House. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
- [23]23. Hood, Jane C. 1988. "From Day To Day: Timing and the Management of Custodial Work." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography. 17:96-116.
- [42]42. Weiss, Robert S. 1994. Learning From Strangers. New York, NY: The Free Press.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Blurring the Boundaries between Leisure and Work: Professionals as Devotees in the Mind-Sport Bridge
Russell, Z., Punch, S., & McIntosh, I. (2022) · International Journal of the Sociology of Leisure · doi:10.1007/s41978-021-00099-y · Cited by 17 · see citing works
- Authors
- Vines, M., & Linders, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Corresponding author
- Vines, Marcus
- ORCID
- Linders, Annulla
- Venue
- Deviant Behavior
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-04-21
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1064-1076
- ISSN
- 0163-9625 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-0456
- OpenAlex
- W184320061
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 2.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- rave.ohiolink.edu
- Locations
- Deviant Behavior (publishedVersion)
- OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime, Deviance, and Social Control
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Management and Organizational Studies
- Keywords
- poker, impression management, identity negotiation, stigma, dirty work, gambling, addiction discourse, poker players, online poker
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review