The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Place Bonding for Recreation Places: Conceptual and Empirical Development
Abstract
Place bonding is a common phenomenon in many recreation areas, where people develop an affective and cognitive based attachment to special resource settings. Conceptually, place bonding is fairly well understood; empirically it is less so. In this study, a five dimensional orientation to place bonding of trout anglers for a wild and scenic stream was conceptually and empirically developed. The dimensions of place familiarity, belongingness, identity, dependence, and rootedness were examined by having respondents (n = 203) rate a 26‐item scale of recreation place bonding. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses produced a five‐dimension solution to place bonding. The five‐dimensional model was examined for convergent validity and predictive validity, with the latter predicting 75% of variance in an overall measure of place bonding. Research and management implications are discussed for recreation resource place bonding.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224378101800104 · Cited by 109,190
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (1983) · Cited by 79,867
(1969) · Cited by 18,340
Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.
Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0046016 · Cited by 17,116
The Practice of Social Research
Neustadtl, A., & Babbie, E. (1989) · Teaching Sociology · doi:10.2307/1318433 · Cited by 14,398
Hu, L.-T., & Bentler, P. M. (1998) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.3.4.424 · Cited by 12,298
Mail and internet surveys : the tailored design method
Dillman, D. A. (2007) · Cited by 9,587
Possessions and the Extended Self
Belk, R. W. (1988) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209154 · Cited by 9,064
Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process.
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511 · Cited by 6,247 · cited 1×
“Researchers have also suggested that place bonding develops over time and stages of people‐place intentions (Hazen & Shaver, 1987 ; Commons, 1991 ; Gerwitz, 1991 ; Kohlberg & Diessner, 1991 ).”
Background(2011) · Wildlife Society Bulletin · doi:10.1002/(issn)1938-5463a · Cited by 5,545
Cited by
Place attachment: How far have we come in the last 40 years?
Lewicka, M. (2011) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.10.001 · Cited by 2,753
Emotions elicited by local food consumption, memories, place attachment and behavioural intentions
Sthapit, E., Björk, P., & Coudounaris, D. N. (2017) · Anatolia · doi:10.1080/13032917.2017.1322111 · Cited by 167
Metadata
- Authors
- Hammitt, W. E., Backlund, E. A., & Bixler, R. D.
- Venue
- Leisure Studies
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2006-01
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17-41
- ISSN
- 0261-4367 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-4496
- OpenAlex
- W1989611202
- Cited by
- 342
- References
- 71
- FWCI
- 3.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Place Bonding for Recreation Places: Conceptual and Empirical Development. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/02614360500098100
- The paper
- Hammitt, W. E., Backlund, E. A., & Bixler, R. D. (2006). Place Bonding for Recreation Places: Conceptual and Empirical Development. Leisure Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/02614360500098100
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
