Cited by 282Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyExercise and Physiological ResponsesSports Performance and Training

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 92 of the 92 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Effects of exercise intensity and duration on the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

Laforgia, J., Withers, R. T., Gore, C. J.·2006·Journal of Sports Sciences

DOI 10.1080/02640410600552064

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Recovery from a bout of exercise is associated with an elevation in metabolism referred to as the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). A number of investigators in the first half of the last century reported prolonged EPOC durations and that the EPOC was a major component of the thermic effect of activity. It was therefore thought that the EPOC was a major contributor to total daily energy expenditure and hence the maintenance of body mass. Investigations conducted over the last two or three decades have improved the experimental protocols used in the pioneering studies and therefore have more accurately characterized the EPOC. Evidence has accumulated to suggest an exponential relationship between exercise intensity and the magnitude of the EPOC for specific exercise durations. Furthermore, work at exercise intensities >or=50-60% VO2max stimulate a linear increase in EPOC as exercise duration increases. The existence of these relationships with resistance exercise at this stage remains unclear because of the limited number of studies and problems with quantification of work intensity for this type of exercise. Although the more recent studies do not support the extended EPOC durations reported by some of the pioneering investigators, it is now apparent that a prolonged EPOC (3-24 h) may result from an appropriate exercise stimulus (submaximal: >or=50 min at >or=70% VO2max; supramaximal: >or=6 min at >or=105% VO2max). However, even those studies incorporating exercise stimuli resulting in prolonged EPOC durations have identified that the EPOC comprises only 6-15% of the net total oxygen cost of the exercise. But this figure may need to be increased when studies utilizing intermittent work bouts are designed to allow the determination of rest interval EPOCs, which should logically contribute to the EPOC determined following the cessation of the last work bout. Notwithstanding the aforementioned, the earlier research optimism regarding an important role for the EPOC in weight loss is generally unfounded. This is further reinforced by acknowledging that the exercise stimuli required to promote a prolonged EPOC are unlikely to be tolerated by non-athletic individuals. The role of exercise in the maintenance of body mass is therefore predominantly mediated via the cumulative effect of the energy expenditure during the actual exercise.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/02640410600552064

Cites

92 of 92 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Statistical principles in experimental design.
Winer, B. J. (1962) · McGraw-Hill Book Company · doi:10.1037/11774-000 · Cited by 27,137
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
Green, P. E., Winer, B. J., Brown, D. R., & Michels, K. M. (1992) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3172747 · Cited by 4,333
International Journal of Obesity
(2019) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/41366.1476-5497 · Cited by 2,089
Muscular exercise, lactic acid, and the supply and utilisation of oxygen
Hill, A., Long, C.-N.-H., & Lupton, H. (1924) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/os-16.62.135 · Cited by 1,380
The American Journal of Physiology
(1897) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6.146.590.a · Cited by 1,145
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica
(2010) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/(issn)1365-201x · Cited by 839
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE???1984
Tipton, C. M. (1984) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-198401000-00002 · Cited by 611
THE POSSIBLE MECHANISMS OF CONTRACTING AND PAYING THE OXYGEN DEBT AND THE RÔLE OF LACTIC ACID IN MUSCULAR CONTRACTION
Margaria, R., Edwards, H. T., & Dill, D. B. (1933) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1933.106.3.689 · Cited by 576
Metabolic bases of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption: a review
GAESSER, G. A., & BROOKS, G. A. (1984) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-198401000-00008 · Cited by 529 · cited 2×
“The term “excess post-exercise oxygen consumption” was coined by Gaesser and Brooks ( 1984 ) to free the elevated post-exercise metabolism from the limitations of Hill and Lupton's ( 1923 ) original label of oxygen debt.”
Background
Effect of Severe Burn Injury on Substrate Cycling by Glucose and Fatty Acids
Wolfe, R. R., Herndon, D. N., Jahoor, F., Miyoshi, H., & Wolfe, M. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198708133170702 · Cited by 467

Show all 91 references

Research works printed but not linked: 15

Brockman L., 1993, Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 33, 330
Chad K. E., 1985, Australian Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 17, 14
Chad K. E., 1988, Canadian Journal of Sport Science, 13, 204
Dawson B., 1996, Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 36, 77
DeVries H. A., 1963, Research Quarterly, 34, 314
Drenick E. J., 1977, International Journal of Obesity, 1, 49
Garby L., 1984, Human Nutrition: Clinical Nutrition, 38, 395
Imamura H., 2004, Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 44, 23
Kaminsky L. A., 1987, Canadian Journal of Sport Science, 12, 237
Neary J. P., 1993, Australian Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 25, 43
Passmore R., 1960, Metabolism, 9, 452
Pivarnik J. M., 1988, Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 28, 375
Sedlock D. A., 1992, Journal of Applied Sports Science Research, 6, 19
Sedlock D. A., 1994, Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 34, 336
Wolfe R. R., 1990, American Journal of Physiology, 258, E382

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 280

Physiological and cognitive military related performances after 10-kilometer march
Yanovich, R., Hadid, A., Erlich, T., Moran, D. S., & Heled, Y. (2015) · Disaster and Military Medicine · doi:10.1186/2054-314x-1-6 · Cited by 13
“We suggest that the prior march increased the physiological strain during the following TTE test, as was expressed by higher HR values, and probably by higher body temperature and oxygen consumption (not measured) as part of the post exercise induced oxygen consumption (EPOC) phenomenon [10].”
Background
Intense interval exercise induces greater changes in post-exercise metabolism compared to submaximal exercise in middle-aged adults
McCarthy, S. F., Jarosz, C., Ferguson, E. J., Kenno, K. A., & Hazell, T. J. (2023) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-023-05334-w · Cited by 13
“…on post-exercise metabolism is exercise intensity (Bahr and Sejersted 1991; Borsheim and Bahr 2003; Gore and Withers 1990; Islam et al. 2018; LaForgia et al. 2006; Moniz et al. 2020) and there appears to be a dose–response when considering the effect of exercise intensity on EPOC where…”
The role of nutrient partitioning and stem cell differentiation in pediatric obesity: a new theory
Gutin, B. (2011) · International Journal of Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.3109/17477166.2011.590201 · Cited by 13
Exercise Dose Equalization in High-Intensity Interval Training: A Scoping Review
Normand‐Gravier, T., Britto, F. A., Launay, T., Renfree, A., Toussaint, J., & Desgorces, F.-D. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19094980 · Cited by 13
“Furthermore, exercise-induced excess post-oxygen consumption is largely influenced by exercise intensity and may be prolonged for many hours [27].”
Background
Impact of Acute Dietary and Exercise Manipulation on Next-Day RMR Measurements and DXA Body Composition Estimates
Kuikman, M. A., Smith, E. S., McKay, A. K. A., McCormick, R., Ackerman, K. E., Harris, R., Elliott-Sale, K. J., Stellingwerff, T., & Burke, L. M. (2024) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003555 · Cited by 12
“The time required for metabolic rate to return to baseline following exercise depends on various factors, including both exercise intensity and duration (31,32).”
Energy conservation by group dynamics in schooling fishPreprint
Zhang, Y., & LAUDER, G. V. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.90352.1 · Cited by 12
Effects of HIIT Interventions on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Glycemic Parameters in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Lazić, A., Stanković, D., Trajković, N., & Cadenas‐Sánchez, C. (2024) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-024-02059-4 · Cited by 17
“First, higher intensity elicits increased excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) [50], leading to greater calorie expenditure contributing to better insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake [51].”
Background
The effects and post-exercise energy metabolism characteristics of different high-intensity interval training in obese adults
BaiQuan, Y., Cao, M., Congqing, Z., & Wang, X. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-98590-z · Cited by 13
Exercise-mediated circulating metabolites for brain health
Wang, M., Nasb, M., Wu, T., Jia, M., & So, K. (2024) · Advanced Exercise and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.aehs.2024.11.001 · Cited by 11
Which exercise interventions are more helpful in treating primary obesity in young adults: A Systematic review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis
Hao, Z., Chen, P., & Zhang, X. (2022) · Archives of Medical Science · doi:10.5114/aoms/153479 · Cited by 16
“All of these effects cause an increase in the resting metabolic level of the body, which further stimulates fat burning [66–68].”
How to Equalize High- and Low-Intensity Endurance Exercise Dose
Matomäki, P., Nuuttila, O., Heinonen, O. J., Kyröläinen, H., & Nummela, A. T. (2024) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2024-0015 · Cited by 10
Are all MVPA minutes equal? Associations between MVPA characteristics, independent of duration, and childhood adiposity
Miatke, A., Maher, C. A., Fraysse, F., Dumuid, D., & Olds, T. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11420-5 · Cited by 10
“Acute physiological responses that are advantageous in weight management (fat oxidation, metabolic rate, insulin sensitivity) may also last up to 72 h after the completion of activity [19, 20], meaning that consistent daily participation could confer regular small, but significant benefits that may influence adiposity…”
Background
Dietary Caffeine and Polyphenol Supplementation Enhances Overall Metabolic Rate and Lipid Oxidation at Rest and After a Bout of Sprint Interval Exercise
Jo, E., Lewis, K., Higuera, D., Hernandez, J., Osmond, A. D., Directo, D. J., & Wong, M. W. H. (2015) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000001277 · Cited by 10
“Besides thermogenic supplementation, postexercise conditions have also been characterized by a transient rise in resting metabolic rate lasting up to 48 hours (7,24,34).”
Background
Excess postexercise oxygen consumption and fat oxidation in recreationally trained men following exercise of equal energy expenditure: comparisons of spinning and constant endurance exercise
Łuszczyk, M., Flis, D. J., Szadejko, I., Laskowski, R., & Ziółkowski, W. (2018) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.17.08015-x · Cited by 10
The effects of breaking sedentary time with different intensity exercise bouts on energy metabolism: A randomized cross-over controlled trial
Hatamoto, Y., Yoshimura, E., Tomiga-Takae, R., Komiyama, T., Matsumoto, M., Higaki, Y., & Tanaka, H. (2021) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2021.03.006 · Cited by 9
Oxygen consumption and muscle fatigue induced by whole-body electromyostimulation compared to equal-duration body weight circuit training
Boccia, G., Fornasiero, A., Savoldelli, A., Bortolan, L., Rainoldi, A., Schena, F. F., & Pellegrini, B. (2016) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-016-0335-4 · Cited by 9
“To better quantify the anaerobic contribution to the energy expenditure the excessive post-exercise energy consumption [32] and the lactate concentration [33] should be also measured.”
Background
Moderate to high levels of exercise are associated with higher resting energy expenditure in community-dwelling postmenopausal women
Froehle, A. W., Hopkins, S. R., Natarajan, L., & Schoeninger, M. J. (2013) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2013-0063 · Cited by 9
“2012), and other mechanisms (Bell et al. 2004; Borsheim and Bahr 2003; Laforgia et al. 2006).”
Background
Are the oxygen uptake and heart rate off-kinetics influenced by the intensity of prior exercise?
Salvador, P. C. D. N., de Aguiar, R. A., Teixeira, A. S., de Souza, K. M., de Lucas, R. D., Denadai, B. S., & Guglielmo, L. G. A. (2016) · Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.resp.2016.05.007 · Cited by 8
Long-Term Effects in the EXERDIET-HTA Study: Supervised Exercise Training vs. Physical Activity Advice
Corres, P., Aguirre-Betolaza, A. M., Fryer, S. M., Gorostegi-Anduaga, I., Arratibel-Imaz, I., Aispuru, G. R., & Maldonado‐Martín, S. (2019) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2019.1656794 · Cited by 8
Sex Differences in Recovery From Sprint Interval Exercise
Forsyth, J. J., & Burt, D. (2019) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003460 · Cited by 8
“Because of the relationship between exercise intensity and EPOC magnitude and duration (35,44,64), the difference in EPOC between men and women (which occurred when only post-SIT data were analyzed)”
Background
The Effect of an Aerobic Dance and Diet Program on Cardiovascular Fitness, Body Composition, and Weight Loss in Women
PETROFSKY, J. S., Batt, J., Berk, L., Collins, K., Yang, T.-N., Lemoine, M., Bains, G. S., Gunda, S., Kim, Y., Beard, C., et al. (2008) · Cited by 8
High-CHO diet increases post-exercise oxygen consumption after a supramaximal exercise bout
Ferreira, G. A., Bertuzzi, R., De-Oliveira, F. R., Pires, F. O., & Lima‐Silva, A. E. (2016) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/1414-431x20165656 · Cited by 8
Substrate oxidation in overweight boys at rest, during exercise and acute post-exercise recovery
Crisp, N. A., Guelfi, K. J., Braham, R. A., & Licari, M. K. (2011) · International Journal of Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.3109/17477166.2010.543684 · Cited by 7
“This is of particular interest given that for a period of time following an acute bout of exercise, oxygen consumption remains elevated (7,8) and fat is preferentially oxidised by the body to spare further depletion of glycogen stores (9,10).”
BackgroundInfluential
Underlying mechanisms of oxygen uptake kinetics in chronic post-stroke individuals: A correlational, cross-sectional pilot study
Ribeiro, J. A. M., Oliveira, A. G. D. S., Thommazo‐Luporini, L. D., Monteiro, C. I., Ocamoto, G. N., Catai, A. M., Borghi‐Silva, A., Phillips, S. A., & Russo, T. L. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0241872 · Cited by 7
“skeletal muscle fiber shift, and smaller peripheral artery blood flow and diameter in the stroke-affected side) [9, 15, 58] determining the _ VO2 kinetics response [1, 2], therefore the underlying mechanisms bearing on response _ VO2 kinetics during physical activity and exercise might differ from other populations.”
Background
Infrared Thermography as a Means of Monitoring and Preventing Sports Injuries
Sillero‐Quintana, M., Carmona, P. M. G., & Fernández-Cuevas, I. (2021) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-7707-3.ch046 · Cited by 7
A novel approach to calculating the thermic effect of food in a metabolic chamber
Ogata, H., Kobayashi, F., Hibi, M., Tanaka, S., & Tokuyama, K. (2016) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.12717 · Cited by 8
“Physical activity is not immediately reflected as changes in energy expenditure because of the oxygen deficit at the onset of exercise and excess postexercise oxygen consumption (LaForgia et al. 2006).”
Background
The Impact of Low Energy Availability on Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis and Physical Activity Behavior in Recreationally Trained Adults
Martin, A., Hofmann, H., Drenowatz, C. J., Wallmann-Sperlich, B., Sperlich, B., & Koehler, K. (2021) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2021-0029 · Cited by 6
Variable factors of total daily energy expenditure in humans
Ohkawara, K., Hikihara, Y., Matsuo, T., Melanson, E. L., & Hibi, M. (2012) · The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine · doi:10.7600/jpfsm.1.389 · Cited by 7
Matching energy intake to expenditure of isocaloric exercise at high- and moderate-intensities
Holliday, A., & Blannin, A. K. (2014) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.03.014 · Cited by 7
“EPOC has been 408 shown to contribute minimally to the total energy expenditure of exercise [27], meaning only a 409 minimal increase in energy expenditure will have occurred.”
Background
EPOC
Arney, B. E., Foster, C., & Porcari, J. P. (2019) · ACSMʼs Health & Fitness Journal · doi:10.1249/fit.0000000000000487 · Cited by 6
Multiple Shorter High-Intensity Interval Exercise Sessions During the Day Result in Greater Energy Expenditure With Less Exertion Than a Longer Single Session: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial
de Jesus Gomes, G., Diniz Magalhães, C. O., Queiroz, I. P., Alves de Andrade, J., Chaves Garcia, B. C., Ramalho de Souza Pereira, R., Moreira Costa, J. M., Cassilhas, R. C., Villela, D. C., Castro de Magalhães, F., et al. (2025) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1002/ejsc.12302 · Cited by 5
“…intake, and we speculate that multiple daily short‐duration sessions might result in higher energy expenditure (EE) than single daily sessions due to higher accumulated excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) after each short‐duration session (Børsheim and Bahr 2003; Laforgia et al. 2006).”
Physical activity and metabolic rates in humans
Lieberman, D. E., Yegian, A. K., & Heymsfield, S. B. (2026) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.251083 · Cited by 6
Effect of high-intensity interval training and pre-meal water consumption on lipid profile in overweight and obese students
Gifari, N., Hardinsyah, H., Martianto, D., & Kuswari, M. (2021) · Malaysian Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.31246/mjn-2020-0034 · Cited by 5
Similar Energy Expenditure During BodyPump and Heavy Load Resistance Exercise in Overweight Women
Rustaden, A. M., Gjestvang, C., Bø, K., Haakstad, L. A. H., & Paulsen, G. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00570 · Cited by 5
“As concluded by several authors, the magnitude and duration of EPOC after exercise seem highly correlated to cardiovascular intensity, expressed as % of HRmax or % of VO2max (Borsheim and Bahr, 2003; LaForgia et al., 2006; Paoli et al., 2012).”
BackgroundResult
Diet composition does not alter energy expenditure, substrate metabolism, or excess post-exercise oxygen consumption in healthy, non-exercise trained women
Kern, M., Broder, H. D., Edmondson, J. I., & Cannon, D. T. (2007) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2007.08.004 · Cited by 5
“[1,10,16,17].”
Translation and validation of Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)
Ya, R. M., Sidek, S., Rahman, J. A., Sulaiman, N., Yahya, N. A., Saadiah, H., Jaafar, N. H., & Bakar, W. A. M. A. (2021) · Malaysian Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.31246/mjn-2020-0109 · Cited by 5
Different Exercise Types Produce the Same Acute Inhibitory Control Improvements When the Subjective Intensity Is Equal
Carbonell-Hernández, L., Ballester-Ferrer, J. A., Maciá, E. S., Bonete-López, B., Roldán, A., Cervelló, E. M., & Pastor, D. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19159748 · Cited by 5
“While the release of hormonal factors and increased neural drive during efforts leads to an almost immediate increase in heart rate, it takes longer for the cardiovascular system to respond [41].”
Background
Physiological Responses to a Battling Rope High Intensity Interval Training Protocol
McAuslan, C. (2013) · Cited by 5
Effect of endurance, speed and strength training on skin temperature measured by infrared thermography = Efecto del entrenamiento de resistencia, velocidad y fuerza en la temperatura de la piel a través de la termografía infrarroja
Fernández-Cuevas, I. (2012) · doi:10.20868/upm.thesis.14896 · Cited by 5
Low-Load and High-Load Resistance Exercise Completed to Volitional Fatigue Induce Increases in Postexercise Metabolic Responses With More Prolonged Responses With the Low-Load Protocol
Grisebach, D., Bornath, D. P. D., McCarthy, S. F., Jarosz, C., & Hazell, T. J. (2024) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000004814 · Cited by 4
Influence of resistance exercise volume on recovery energy expenditure in women
Benton, M. J., & Swan, P. D. (2009) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461390902780429 · Cited by 4
“Furthermore, although LaForgia et al. (2006) concluded that the ‘‘average person’’ could not obtain the threshold intensities necessary to influence postexercise energy expenditure, we have demonstrated that at least in this group of middle-aged, overweight women, such intensities can be achieved.”
Background
Aplicaciones de la termografía infrarroja en el deporte. Una revisión / Applications of Infrared Thermography in Sports. A Review. pp. 805-824
Marins, J. C. B., Fernández-Cuevas, I., Lastras, J. A., Fernandes, A. D. A., & Sillero‐Quintana, M. (2015) · Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte · Cited by 4
Estimating excess post-exercise oxygen consumption using multiple linear regression in healthy Korean adults: a pilot study
Jung, W., Park, H., Kim, S.-W., Kim, J., Hwang, H., & Lim, K. (2021) · Physical Activity and Nutrition · doi:10.20463/pan.2021.0006 · Cited by 4
Physical Activity
Delgado-Gonzalo, R., Renevey, P., Lemkaddem, A., Lemay, M., Solà, J., Korhonen, I., & Bertschi, M. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69362-0_14 · Cited by 4
Sex-Related Differences in Oxygen Consumption Recovery After High-Intensity Rowing Exercise During Childhood and Adolescence
Bardin, J., Maciejewski, H., Diry, A., Thomas, C., & Ratel, S. (2022) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2021-0173 · Cited by 4
“exercise intensity and duration (5, 25), and 134 individual body dimensions (35).”
Background
CONSUMO DE OXIGÊNIO APÓS EXERCÍCIO RESISTIDO: UMA ABORDAGEM CRÍTICA SOBRE OS FATORES DETERMINANTES DE SUA MAGNITUDE E DURAÇÃO
Neto, A. G. C., & Farinatti, P. (2009) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) · Cited by 4
Energy conservation by collective movement in schooling fishPreprint
Zhang, Y., & LAUDER, G. V. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.11.09.515731 · Cited by 4
Excesso de oxigênio consumido pós-esforço: possíveis mecanismos fisiológicos
Lima‐Silva, A. E., Pires, F. O., & Bertuzzi, R. (2010) · journal of physical education · doi:10.4025/reveducfis.v21i3.6283 · Cited by 3
Impacto de los diferentes tipos de entrenamiento físico sobre la composición corporal en mujeres adultas con obesidad: una revisión bibliográfica
Jaramillo-Osorno, A. F., & García, J. C. G. (2023) · Revista Politécnica · doi:10.33571/rpolitec.v19n37a10 · Cited by 3
Postprandial energy metabolism is modulated in response to a low-intensity walking exercise in fasted healthy individuals
Pélissier, L., Lambert, C., Moore, H., Beraud, D., Pereira, B., Boirie‌, Y., Duclos, M., Thivel, D., & Isacco, L. (2024) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2024.01.004 · Cited by 5
Metabolic Effects of Reduced Volume Sprint Interval Training During and Postexercise
McCarthy, S. F., McKie, G. L., Howe, G. J., Vanderheyden, L. W., & Hazell, T. J. (2024) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000004726 · Cited by 3
Enhancing Post‐Exercise Oxygen Kinetics Modeling With Physiological Bounds and Manual VO2_baseline Input: A Novel Approach
Ulupınar, S., İnce, İ., Gençoğlu, C., Özbay, S., & Çabuk, S. (2025) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1002/ejsc.12306 · Cited by 3
“Athletes with higher fitness levels are capable of repaying larger oxygen deficits within the same time frame, demonstrating more efficient recovery dynamics (Laforgia et al. 2006; Panissa et al. 2021; Rosvoglou et al. 2023).”
Maximal sprints within the warm-up does not affect pacing or performance in a 10 km cycle time trial
Veen, J., Corbett, M., & Renfree, A. (2019) · Journal of Human Sport and Exercise · doi:10.14198/jhse.2020.152.07 · Cited by 3
“Higher HR could be attributed to elevated post exercise oxygen consumption caused by the cycling sprints (Lavorgia et al., 2006).”
Background
Effect of high intensity interval training on body fat indicators in adults with overweight or obesity: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized studies
do Vale, W. D. S., Costa, A. H., Machado, S. E. D. C., Neto, G. D. A. M., Penna, T. A., & de Oliveira, A. J. (2020) · Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte · doi:10.33155/j.ramd.2020.04.008 · Cited by 3
“Phosphate resynthesis, lactate removal and synthesis of tissue are examples of metabolic changes contributing to higher EPOC.39,40 The suppression of appetite through the increase of the hormone PYY3-36 justifies another relevant factor induced by HIIT, and may contribute to the energy balance.14 Most of the studies u…”
Background
Exercise Physiology
Steinach, M., & Gunga, H. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386947-0.00003-4 · Cited by 4
Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging to assess the acute effects of moderate‐intensity continuous training and high‐intensity interval training on thigh muscles
Li, J., Lu, Z., Yuan, L., Wang, Q., Zhu, J., Bao, D., Grimm, R., Wang, X., Wang, X., Xue, H., et al. (2023) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.5045 · Cited by 3
24-h energy expenditure in people with type 1 diabetes: impact on equations for clinical estimation of energy expenditure
Carnero, E. Á., Corbin, K. D., Casu, A., IGUDESMAN, D. A., Bilal, A., Smith, S. R., Kosorok, M. R., Maahs, D. M., Mayer‐Davis, E. J., & Pratley, R. E. (2024) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-024-01446-4 · Cited by 4
Markers of the Aerobic Energy-Delivery System as Measures of Post-Match Fatigue and Recovery in Soccer; a Repeated Measures Design
Dillern, T. (2017) · Asian Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.5812/asjsm.14425 · Cited by 2
“The causes for this condition are numerous (32-34), yet when examining during subsequent activity, some factors have been proven to be especially important.”
Background
Effects of Interval Training Versus Continuous Exercise on Anthropometric and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Markers in Obese Women
de Sá, C. K. C. (2013) · Journal of Nutritional Disorders & Therapy · doi:10.4172/2161-0509.s2-002 · Cited by 4
“Moreover, the reduction of the CI, WC, BMI and BW related to IT can be justified by factors that involve greater energy expenditure [29] and lipid mobilization [30], and specific stimulation to abdominal fat cells [31].”
Background
Effects of walking with hand-held weights on energy expenditure and excess postexercise oxygen consumption
Campaña, C. T., & Costa, P. B. (2017) · Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation · doi:10.12965/jer.1735100.550 · Cited by 3
“Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is the elevated postexercise metabolism which adds to the energy expenditure (EE) of the exercise and as a component of the thermic effect of the activity (Laforgia et al., 2006).”
Background
Effects of moderate-intensity exercise on diet-induced increase in resting oxygen uptake
Tsuji, K., Xu, Y., & Tabata, I. (2019) · The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine · doi:10.7600/jpfsm.8.15 · Cited by 3
Association between dietary intake, physical activity and stress level with constipation among undergraduate students
Yusop, N. B. M., & Yasin, N. Q. A. M. (2021) · Malaysian Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.31246/mjn-2019-0099 · Cited by 3
Role of Exercise and Physical Activity in Promoting Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance
Cuthbertson, D. J., & Dobbie, L. J. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119695257.ch20 · Cited by 3
Collective movement of schooling fish reduces locomotor cost in turbulencePreprint
Zhang, Y., Ko, H., Calicchia, M. A., Ni, R., & LAUDER, G. V. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.01.18.576168 · Cited by 3
“Our conceptual approach was pioneered by Brett (35) in fish and is also used in sports science (33).”
Background
Comparison of energy consumption and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption according to Taekwondo Taegeuk Poomsae performance in Taekwondo players
Jung, W.-S., Sun, Y., Park, H.-Y., Kim, S.-W., Jung, H., Park, S.-A., Kim, J., & Lim, K. (2023) · Physical Activity and Nutrition · doi:10.20463/pan.2023.0005 · Cited by 2
Physiological processes induced by different types of physical activity that either oppose or enhance postprandial glucose tolerance
Hamilton, M. T., Hamilton, D. G., & Zderic, T. W. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1601474 · Cited by 2
High intensity functional training versus traditional resistance training effects on inflammatory, metabolic, and physical outcomes in overweight men a randomized controlled trial
Moshkenani, F. H., Abedi, S., Shabkhiz, F., Soori, R., & Esmaeil, N. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-40482-x · Cited by 2
Multilevel metabolic adaptation to exercise training
Knaan, T., Ziv-Av, E., Dubnov-Raz, G., Markus, I., Peled, D., Manich, P., Barazany, D., Ramati, M., Aziel, G., Luxenburg, C., et al. (2026) · Communications Medicine · doi:10.1038/s43856-026-01502-z · Cited by 3
Synthesis and Validity of Accelerometer Devices and Methods Used in Epidemiological Studies of Physical Activity Bout Duration and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Chanteau, A., Faity, G. V., Mahé, G., Sabia, S., & Faucheur, A. L. (2026) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-026-01039-4 · Cited by 2
“Oxygen uptake remains elevated above resting levels (Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption, EPOC) for a period after cessation of PA, depending on intensity and duration [122].”
Effect of repeated exercise fatigue on the swimming performance of juvenile rock carp (Procypris rabaudi, Tchang)
Huang, Y., Malik, A. H., Tu, Z., Johnson, D., Li, W., & Yuan, X. (2020) · Journal of Applied Ichthyology · doi:10.1111/jai.14110 · Cited by 2
Rapid component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption of children of different weight status after playing active video games
Sousa, C. V., Hwang, J., Simões, H. G., Sun, K. J., & Lu, A. S. (2021) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-021-02528-z · Cited by 2
Exercise physiology
Steinach, M., & Gunga, H. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815942-2.00003-1 · Cited by 3
Effect of adding high-intensity interval training to diet and carboxytherapy on metabolic cardiovascular risk factors in women with metabolic syndrome
Ahmad, A., soliman, A. A., Shaheen, E., & Obaya, H. E. (2022) · Gastroenterology Review · doi:10.5114/pg.2022.121822 · Cited by 2
“EPOC has been positively correlated with exercise intensity, and so HIIT has a greater effect than other exercise forms of a lower intensity [42].”
Background
Can mixed circuit training elicit the recommended exercise intensity and energy expenditure in people after stroke?
Michalski, A. C., Fonseca, G. F., Midgley, A. W., Billinger, S. A., Costa, V. A. B., dos Santos, T. R., Farinatti, P., & da Cunha, F. A. (2023) · Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/10749357.2023.2178128 · Cited by 2
“The return to resting metabolic rate after the cessation of exercise is not immediate, which is reflected by the increased VO2 during recovery, a phenomenon referred to as the excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC).(37) The net total energy expenditure associated with exercise takes EPOC into account when calcu…”
Background
Effects of acute passive stretching on mean response time during an incremental ramp test
Limonta, E., Cè, E., Rampichini, S., Veicsteinas, A., & Esposito, F. (2013) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-013-0141-1 · Cited by 2
“Moreover, despite some controversial findings [28, 37], faster time constants have been observed in athletes as compared to untrained people [7, 8, 21, 26].”
Result
The Exercise Prescription
Teta, K., Teta, J., & Esposito, R. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-43044-9.00036-4 · Cited by 2
The Short and Fast Step Test: A functional tool to assess anaerobic metabolism in rehabilitated coronary patients
Gouteron, A., Besson, D., Gudjoncik, A., Hannequin, A., Laroche, D., & Casillas, J.-M. (2019) · Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2019.09.006 · Cited by 2
Metabolism
Saghiv, M. S., & Sagiv, M. S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-48806-2_2 · Cited by 2
Effects of high intensity-interval training on cardiovascular risk, body mass index and metabolic markers in healthcare workers
Hernandez, A. D. G., Zavala, G. J. G., Ramirez, L. M. R., Escamilla, J. E. C., & Leal, A. A. V. (2022) · Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana · doi:10.25176/rfmh.v22i4.4892 · Cited by 2
Exercise Intensity and Postprandial Lipemia (La intensidad del ejercicio y la lipemia postprandial)
Littlefield, L. A., & Grandjean, P. W. (2015) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v0i27.34380 · Cited by 2
The Effects of Fitness Level and Sex on EPOC Following High Intensity Interval and Moderate Intensity Aerobic Exercise
Simmons, R. (2016) · ODU Digital Commons (Old Dominion University) · doi:10.25777/dp44-cs61 · Cited by 2
“, 1970; LaForgia et al., 1997; Larsen et al., 2014; Mann et al., 2014). Of these studies, two equated the workloads between the different conditions (LaForgia et al., 1997; Larsen et al., 2014). The findings of McGarvey et al. (2005), however, found no significant difference between HIIE at 90% VO2max versus continuou…”
BackgroundMethod
Effect of Low-Volume Interval Training on Whole-Body, Abdominal and Visceral Fat in Adults Living with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysisPreprint
Zhu, X., Jiao, J., Liang, W., Wang, X., & Zhang, H. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3302158/v1 · Cited by 1
Energy conservation by collective movement in schooling fishPreprint
Zhang, Y., & LAUDER, G. V. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.90352.2 · Cited by 2
The metabolic responses of high intensity intermittent exercise in healthy untrained adults
Gerber, T. (2013) · Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) · Cited by 2
Effects of Isocaloric Resistance, Aerobic, and Concurrent Exercise on Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption in Older Adults
Pilon, R., Matos-Santos, L., Matlez, M. P., Rodrigues, G., Amorim, F., Lattari, E., Farinatti, P., & Monteiro, W. (2024) · Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000004683 · Cited by 1
“However, the EPOC following aerobic and resistance exercise seems to result from a combination of exercise intensity and duration (24,31).”
BackgroundInfluential
Energy expenditure during a Pilates exercise session: a systematic review
Vitor, G. B. B., de Oliveira, L. C., Pessôa, R. A. G., & de Oliveira, R. G. (2025) · Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance · doi:10.1590/1980-0037.2025v27e95667 · Cited by 1
Effect of low-volume interval training on whole-body, abdominal and visceral fat in adults living with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhu, X., Jiao, J., Liang, W., Wang, X., & Zhang, H. (2025) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2025.2559518 · Cited by 2
“The volume and duration of EPOC correlated positively with exercise intensity (Laforgia et al., 2006), with interval training studies indicating EPOC durations up to 24 hours longer than those from MICT (Knab et al., 2011; Moniz et al., 2020).”
SynergyFit energy recovery framework for human-centric power generation in multi-modal fitness environments
Yeboah, D., & Annor, B. D. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-21217-w · Cited by 1
The effect of sprint interval training on key cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Liang, W., Dai, J., Liu, C., Yan, X., Xu, S., & Huang, W. (2025) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2025.1694357 · Cited by 1
“Regarding the improvements in body composition, the high-intensity nature of SIT leads to a substantial increase in excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), thus elevating energy expenditure for up to 24 h post-exercise (LaForgia et al., 2006).”
Exercise modality and metabolic efficiency in children
Verweij, B. G. F., Stoner, L. R., & Shultz, S. P. (2013) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-013-2025-4 · Cited by 2
“Future consideration should also be given to understanding the role of excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), which may contribute substantially to the energy expenditure resulting from exercise [15].”
Background
The Effect of a Slimming System with a Lipolytic Cream on Body weight, Girth and Whole Body and Regional Fat Loss
PETROFSKY, J. S., Laymon, M. S., Lee, H., Khowailed, I. A., & Fisher, S. D. (2014) · Cited by 1
A Combination of Exercise with a Mini Medicine Ball and Diet with a Meal Replacement Shake as a Synergistic Program to Increases Fitness and Produces Weight Loss
PETROFSKY, J. S., Batt, J., Berk, L., Bains, G. S., Wong, J., Radabaugh, S., Yim, J., Murugesan, V., Lee, H., Dhamodaran, B., et al. (2011) · Cited by 1
Coping and Recovery Tactics during Fasting and Dietary Restriction
Bouhlel, E., Shephard, R. J., & Dogui, M. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b18820-13 · Cited by 1
Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption Following Isocaloric Bouts of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Older Adults
Pilon, R., Farinatti, P., Oliveira, B. R. R., da Cunha, F. A., Lattari, E., & Monteiro, W. (2023) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2022.2136614 · Cited by 1
“On the other hand, the EPOC following aerobic bouts results from the combined influence of exercise intensity and duration (Børsheim & Bahr, 2003; Laforgia et al., 2006).”
BackgroundInfluential
Moving Beyond the Characterization of Activity Intensity Bouts as Square Waves Signals
O'Brien, M. W., Petterson, J. L., Pellerine, L. P., Shivgulam, M. E., Kimmerly, D. S., Frayne, R. J., Hettiarachchi, P., & Johansson, P. J. (2023) · Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour · doi:10.1123/jmpb.2022-0041 · Cited by 1
Impact of rest interval duration on post-exercise recovery dynamics, ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point in endurance athletes: A randomized controlled trial
Saif, A., Khan, Z., & Parveen, A. (2024) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-024-01219-3 · Cited by 2
“Factors such as training status, exercise intensity, and duration, as well as the thermic effect of food, have been shown to influence EPOC [28, 29].”
High-Intensity Interval Training and Diabetes
Cho, Y., & Kim, E. S. (2024) · Journal of Korean Diabetes · doi:10.4093/jkd.2024.25.4.224 · Cited by 1
Post-exercise Recovery Nutrition Strategies with RPE Scale
Sarkar, S., & Saranya, K. (2025) · Methods and protocols in food science · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-4370-9_12 · Cited by 1
The effects of different exercise intensity on blood inflammatory and CK concentration.
Ko, S., 권영우, 김권섭, Kim, J.-H., 권광선, Yoo, H.-S., & Ahn, N. (2011) · Exercise Science · doi:10.15857/ksep.2011.20.4.367 · Cited by 1
Oxygen Uptake, Carbon Dioxide Production, Minute Ventilation and Heart Rate during Post Exercise Recovery in Healthy and Unmedicated Elderly and Young Men
Paulo, F., Cunha Felipe, A., Walace, M., Silva Nadia, L., & Gabriela, V. (2018) · International Journal of Sports and Exercise Medicine · doi:10.23937/2469-5718/1510095 · Cited by 1

Authors: Laforgia, J., Withers, R. T., & Gore, C. J.
Affiliations: University of South Australia (AU)
Flinders University (AU)
Corresponding author: Laforgia, J.
Venue: Journal of Sports Sciences
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2006-12
Volume: 24
Issue: 12
Pages: 1247-1264
ISSN: 0264-0414 (ISSN-L)
1466-447X
DOI: 10.1080/02640410600552064
OpenAlex: W2106345581
Cited by: 282
References: 91
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 8.44
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Sports Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords: excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, exercise intensity, exercise duration, energy expenditure, body mass maintenance, weight loss, resistance training, intermittent exercise, VO2max
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Physiological, Basal Metabolism, Eating, Energy Metabolism, Physical Exertion, Humans, Oxygen Consumption, Exercise

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Effects of exercise intensity and duration on the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks