CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 184Muscle metabolism and nutritionSports Performance and TrainingCardiovascular and exercise physiology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 86 of the 86 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Timing and method of increased carbohydrate intake to cope with heavy training, competition and recovery

Coyle, Edward F.·1991·Journal of Sports Sciences
DOI 10.1080/02640419108729865
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Based upon the fact that fatigue during intense prolonged exercise is commonly due to depletion of muscle and liver glycogen which limits both training and competitive performance, this paper has proposed extraordinary dietary practices which generally advocate high carbohydrate intake at all times before, during and after exercise. The simple goal is to have as much carbohydrate in the body as possible during the latter stages of prolonged intense exercise when the ability for intense exercise usually becomes limiting to performance. This theory is put into practice by recommending that carbohydrate intake after exhaustive exercise should average 50 g per 2 h of mostly moderate and high glycaemic carbohydrate foods. The aim should be to ingest a total of about 600 g in 24 h. Carbohydrate intake should not be avoided during the 4 h period before exercise and in fact it is best to eat at least 200 g during this time. When possible, carbohydrate should be ingested during exercise, generally in the form of solutions containing glucose/sucrose/maltodextrins, at a rate of 30-60 g h-1. Emphasis has been placed upon eating the optimal amount and best type of carbohydrate at the proper times because these practices demand a large amount of food. When diet is not carefully planned according to these guidelines, endurance athletes tend to consume too little carbohydrate because they become satiated with high fat in their diet and they go through periods in the day when recovery of glycogen stores is suboptimal and thus precious time is wasted.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/02640419108729865

Cites

86 of 86 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 85 references

Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. Blom P.C., 1987, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 19, 491
  2. Coggan A.R., Sports Medicine
  3. Maughan R., 1990, Nutrition et Sport, 200
  4. McMurray R.G., 1983, Research Quarterly, 54, 156
  5. 10.1249/00005768-198902000-00011 · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 101–184 of 184

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Coyle, E. F.
Affiliations
The University of Texas at Austin (US)
Corresponding author
Coyle, Edward F.
ORCID
Coyle, Edward F.
Venue
Journal of Sports Sciences
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
1991-06
Volume
9
Issue
sup1
Pages
29-52
ISSN
  • 0264-0414 (ISSN-L)
  • 1466-447X
DOI
10.1080/02640419108729865
OpenAlex
W2072354920
Cited by
184
References
85
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
FWCI
1.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Sports Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Keywords
carbohydrate intake, endurance exercise, glycogen depletion, carbohydrate loading, post-exercise recovery, maltodextrin, diet planning, endurance athletes
MeSH terms
Competitive Behavior, Dietary Carbohydrates, Humans, Physical Education and Training, Physical Endurance, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Exercise

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review