Cited by 183Organizational Change and LeadershipJob Satisfaction and Organizational BehaviorOrganizational Management and Change

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Change fatigue: Development and initial validation of a new measure

Bernerth, Jeremy B., Walker, H. Jack, Harris, Stanley G.·2011·Work & Stress

DOI 10.1080/02678373.2011.634280

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Abstract

Although organizational change often places strain on employees, few studies have explored the impact of multiple organizational changes on their well-being and withdrawal, including organizational commitment and turnover intentions. To provide a means of directly investigating such issues, we developed a measure of change fatigue, and then empirically examined its implications for employees. Using data from change consultants and a manufacturing organization in the United States that had undertaken a number of organizational changes over the last three years, the authors developed a six-item measurement scale, obtained initial evidence of construct validity, and then investigated the relationship between change fatigue and harmful outcomes, including exhaustion, organizational commitment and turnover intentions. Results indicated that change fatigue was positively associated with exhaustion, and exhaustion was in turn negatively related to organizational commitment and positively related to turnover intentions. Implications for organizations and employees facing multiple changes are discussed.

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Teknostres, Değişim Yorgunluğu ve Örgütsel Bağlılık İlişkisinin İncelenmesi
KIRAÇ, F. Ç., & Seda, U. Y. A. R. (2023) · Sağlık Bilimlerinde Değer · doi:10.33631/sabd.1351735 · Cited by 7
Occupational Stress, Burnout, Anxiety, and Quiet Quitting Among School Counsellors: Positive Childhood Experiences as a Mediator
Çi̇çek, İ., Korkmaz, Z., & Ünsal, F. (2026) · Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools · doi:10.1177/20556365261423547 · Cited by 7
“This interpretation is consistent with prior work ⁠ framing quiet quitting as a stress-related withdrawal response shaped by emotional fatigue and motivational depletion (Bernerth et al., 2011).”
Must We Change? the Dark Side of Change and Change Resistance
Zorn, T. E., & Scott, J. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198845973.013.28 · Cited by 7
Developing Change Readiness: A Video-Based Classroom Exercise
Varma, V. (2019) · Management Teaching Review · doi:10.1177/2379298118822497 · Cited by 7
Why is the Influence of Servant Leadership on Affective Commitment to Change Insignificant? Proposing Objective Workplace Spirituality as the Mediator
Prawira, I. S. (2021) · Petra International Journal of Business Studies · doi:10.9744/ijbs.4.1.33-43 · Cited by 9
“Past research found that unfair treatment of employees will drain their emotions and reduce ACTC (Bernerth et al., 2011).”
Background
School Administrators’ and Teachers’ Views on Change Fatigue: Turkish Educational System Case
Balyer, A., & Özcan, K. (2024) · Apuntes Universitarios · doi:10.17162/au.v14i1.1460 · Cited by 6
Leading and managing change
Day, G. E., & Shannon, E. A. (2015) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781316161777.032 · Cited by 6
DEĞİŞİM YORGUNLUĞUNUN İŞ MOTİVASYONUNA ETKİSİ: SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Özer, A. R. I. K., Öztürk, Y. E., & YEŞİLDAL, M. (2022) · İşletme Bilimi Dergisi · doi:10.22139/jobs.1059519 · Cited by 6
Interactional Resources for Quality Improvement: Learning From Participants Through a Qualitative Study
Brooks, J. V., Gorbenko, K. O., & Bosk, C. L. (2017) · Quality Management in Health Care · doi:10.1097/qmh.0000000000000128 · Cited by 6
School Administration During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Challenges To Turkish School Administrators
Dilekçi, Ü. (2021) · i-manager’s Journal on Educational Psychology · doi:10.26634/jpsy.15.1.17920 · Cited by 6
Change Fatigue, Resilience and Organizational Commitment of Nurses: the Mediating Effect of Leader Embowering Behavior
Abdelwahid, A. E.-E., & Ata, A. A. (2022) · Egyptian Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences · doi:10.21608/ejnhs.2022.227787 · Cited by 5
Examination of the Relationship Between Teachers' Organizational Change Fatigue Levels and the Organizational Resilience Levels of Secondary Education Institutions
Yıldızoğlu, H., & Cemaloğlu, N. (2023) · Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi · doi:10.24106/kefdergi.1271471 · Cited by 8
Capacity for Competence Development: Unlocking Potential for Lifelong Learning in Later Working Life
Wulff, A. L., & Lassen, A. J. (2024) · Journal of Aging & Social Policy · doi:10.1080/08959420.2024.2349492 · Cited by 5
“The feeling of being overburdened by frequent changes has been described as “change fatigue” (Bernerth et al., 2011).”
Change Communication: Emerging Perspectives for Organisations and Practitioners
Crestani, I. (2016) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s2398-391420160000001012 · Cited by 5
Organizational Change and Employees’ Psychological Well-Being: The Mediatory Role of Resistance to ChangePreprint
Zehra, F., & Siddiqui, D. A. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3510555 · Cited by 5
Değişim Yorgunluğunun İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisinde Tükenmişliğin Aracılık Rolü
Altıntaş, M. (2024) · Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17065/huniibf.1383618 · Cited by 4
Lead Yourself through Change: How Self-Leadership Buffers the Impact of Change Fatigue on Employee Outcomes
Linnenborn, V., & Borchert, M. (2025) · The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science · doi:10.1177/00218863241297704 · Cited by 8
“Finally, change fatigue represents a phenomenon observed in practice (MacIntosh et al., 2007; McMillan & Perron, 2013; Valusek, 2007) that has only become part of scienti ﬁ c research in recent years (Bernerth et al., 2011).”
Influential
Odpor učitelů vůči změnám ve škole a ve školství
Mareš, J. (2018) · Pedagogika · doi:10.14712/23362189.2018.1090 · Cited by 5
Designing Innovation in the Digital Age: How to Maneuver around Digital Transformation Traps
Marx, C., Haskamp, T., & Uebernickel, F. (2023) · Understanding innovation · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36103-6_15 · Cited by 4
Perceived organizational support and change fatigue in nurses’ innovative behavior: a cross-sectional study in Sichuan, China
Wang, Z., Liu, Z., & Lü, J. (2026) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-026-04419-z · Cited by 3
“A key, underexplored factor is Change Fatigue—a state of exhaustion and cynicism resulting from continuous, poorly managed organizational changes [9, 10].”
Sağlık Çalışanlarında Değişim Yorgunluğu: Sistematik Bir Literatür Taraması
Söyler, S., & Çavmak, Ş. (2024) · Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu dergisi · doi:10.29249/selcuksbmyd.1455183 · Cited by 3
THE INVESTIGATION OF CHANGE FATIGUE IN TEACHER CANDIDATES FOLLOWING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS DURING THE PANDEMIC
Mıhcı, C. (2023) · Trakya Eğitim Dergisi · doi:10.24315/tred.1084119 · Cited by 3
Supporting post-stroke access to services and resources for individuals with low income: understanding usual care practices in acute care and rehabilitation settings
Sauvé-Schenk, K., Duong, P., Samonte-Brown, S., Sheehy, L., Trudelle, M., & Savard, J. (2023) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2023.2199462 · Cited by 3
“…linked to openness to initiating change [16] (b) change fatigue, which is related to exhaustion and withdrawal in the context of introducing organizational change [17], and (c) the general level of readiness for change, or degree to which a team is motivated and capable of executing a change [18].”
Background
Empathic Communication Part I: Responding to Stress in the Workplace
Tucker, S., & Hoying, J. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16983-0_11 · Cited by 3
Child-oriented Drug Counseling in Germany: Evaluating the Implementation of the Program “Fitkids” and Its Association with Readiness for Change
Hower, K. I., Pförtner, T., Pfaff, H., Lee, S.-Y. D., & Ansmann, L. (2019) · Human Services Organizations Management Leadership & Governance · doi:10.1080/23303131.2019.1661929 · Cited by 3
““Change fatigue” is the perception that too much change is taking place, and is reflected in individual cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses characterized by a reduction in the willingness to change (Bernerth et al., 2011).”
Background
Traces of Technological Well-being: Digi-uplifters and Digi-downshifters
Turja, T., Hakanen, J., Krutova, O., & Koistinen, P. (2023) · Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies · doi:10.18291/njwls.137541 · Cited by 7
The Relationship between Nursing Staff's Change Fatigue, Psychological Resilience, and Job Satisfaction at Mansoura University Hospital
Elhay, E. S. A., El‐Gilany, A., & Abdelhay, I. S. (2022) · Egyptian Journal of Health Care · doi:10.21608/ejhc.2022.245105 · Cited by 2
Eğitim Örgütlerinde Değişim Yorgunluğuna İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri
Çeliker, U., & Levent, F. (2024) · Yaşadıkça Eğitim · doi:10.33308/26674874.2024383770 · Cited by 2

Authors: Bernerth, J. B., Walker, H. J., & Harris, S. G.
Affiliations: Louisiana State University (US)
Texas Tech University (US)
Auburn University (US)
Corresponding author: Bernerth, Jeremy B.
ORCID: Bernerth, Jeremy B.
Walker, H. Jack
Venue: Work & Stress
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2011-10
Volume: 25
Issue: 4
Pages: 321-337
ISSN: 0267-8373 (ISSN-L)
1464-5335
DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2011.634280
OpenAlex: W2155823771
Cited by: 183
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 42 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 5.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Work & Stress (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Organizational Change and Leadership
Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Organizational Management and Change
Keywords: change fatigue, organizational change, employee well-being, exhaustion, organizational commitment, turnover intention, scale development, construct validity, work withdrawal

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Change fatigue: Development and initial validation of a new measure

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