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The end of the credential society? An analysis of the relationship between education and the labour market using big data

Brown, Phillip, Souto-Otero, Manuel·2020·Journal of Education Policy

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Crossref · 10.1080/02680939.2018.1549752

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  • In times where the number of vacancies is scarce compared to the pool of qualified candidates, employers are likely to add qualification requirements as the supply of educated candidates exceeds demand.

    “Similarly, it has been found that in times where the number of vacancies is scarce compared to the pool of qualified candidates, employers are likely to add qualification requirements as the supply of educated candidates exceeds demand (Brown andSouto-Otero, 2020, Golding &Katz, 2008).”

    From Skills or degree? The rise of skill-based hiring for AI and green jobs (2025) · cites this paper as Brown and Souto-Otero, 2020

    Section 5 says that when employers face many candidates who could do the job, they may adjust entry hurdles according to labour-market conditions. It does not say that scarce vacancies specifically lead employers to add qualification requirements; section 4.1 instead finds that only 18% of the job adverts studied specify a qualification requirement. (LLM, conf=0.83)

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  1. [43]43. Centre for Learning and Life Chances in Knowledge Economies and Societies, London. Gross, C., H.-­-D. Meyer, and A. Hadjar. 2016. 'Theorising the Impact of Education Systems on Inequalities.' In Education Systems and Inequalities: International Comparisons, edited by A. Hadjar and C. Gross, 11-32. Bristol: Policy Press. Grugulis, I. 2007. Skills, Training and Human Resource Development: A Critical Text. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Hirsch, F. 1977. Social Limits to Growth. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. Hristea, F. T. 2011. 'Statistical Natural Language Processing.' In: Lovric, M. (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. 14521453. Jackson, M. 2007. 'How Far Merit Selection? Social Stratification and the Labour Market.' The British Journal of Sociology 58 (3): 367-390. doi:10.1111/j.1468-­4446.2007.00156.x. Jackson, M., J. H. Goldthorpe, and C. Mills. 2005. 'Education, Employers and Class Mobility.' Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 23: 3-33. doi:10.1016/S0276-­-5624(05)23001-­-9. Kaufman, R. L. 2002. 'Assessing Alternative Perspectives on Race and Sex Employment Segregation.' American Sociological Review 67 (4): 547-572. doi:10.2307/3088945. Keep, E., and K. Mayhew. 2004. 'The Economic and Distributional Implications of Current Policies on Higher Education.' Oxford Review of Economic Policy 20 (2): 298-314. doi:10.1093/oxrep/grh017. Lipset, S. M., and R. Bendix. 1991. Social Mobility in Industrial Society. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. McGuinness, S. 2006. 'Overeducation in the Labour Market.' Journal of Economic Surveys 20 (3): 387-418. doi:10.1111/joes.2006.20.issue-­-3. Milburn, A. 2014. Elitist Britain? London: SMCP. Modestino, A. S., D. Shoag, and J. Balance. 2015. 'Upskilling: Do Employers Demand Greater Skill When Workers are Plentiful?' Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Working Papers, no 14-17. Gutman, L. M., and I. Schoon. 2013. The Impact of Non-­-Cognitive Skills on Outcomes for Young People. London: Education Endownment Foundation and Cabinet Office. Nickson, D., C. Warhurst, J. Commander, S. A. Hurrell, and A. M. Cullen. 2012. 'Soft Skills and Employability: Evidence from UK Retail.' Economic and Industrial Democracy 33 (1): 65-84. doi:10.1177/0143831X11427589. ONS. 2013. 'Full Report: Graduates in the UK Labour Market 2013' London, Office for National Statistics, Accessed February · DOI
  2. [20]20. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171776\_337841.pdf Protsch, P., and H. Solga. 2015. 'How Employers Use Signals of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skills at Labour Market Entry. Insights from Field Experiments.' European Sociological Review 31 (5): 521-532. doi:10.1093/esr/jcv056. Reskin, B., and P. Roos. 1990. Job Queues, Gender Queues: Explaining Women's Inroads into Male Occupations. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Rothwell, J. 2013. Education, Job Openings, and Unemployment in Metropolitan America. Washington: Brookings Institution. Sacchi, S., A. Salvisberg, and M. Buchmann. 2005. ''Long-­-Term Dynamics of Skill Demand in Switzerland from 1950-2000ʹ′.' In Contemporary Switzerland, edited by H. Kriesi, P. Farago, M. Kohli, and M. Zarin-­-Nejadan, 105-134. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan. Sicherman, N. 1991. ''Overeducation' in the Labor Market.' Journal of Labor Economics 9 (2): 101-122. doi:10.1086/298261. Souto-­-Otero, M. 2010. 'Education, Meritocracy and Redistribution.' Journal of Education Policy 25 (3): 397-413. doi:10.1080/02680930903576396. Souto-­-Otero, M. 2016. 'Young People's Views of the Outcomes of Non-­-Formal Education in Youth Organisations: Its Effects on Human, Social and Psychological Capital, Employability and Employment.' Journal of Youth Studies. doi:10.1080/13676261.2015.1123234. Souto-­-Otero, M., and R. Beneito-­-Montagut. 2016. 'From Governing Through Data to Governmentality Through Data: Artefacts, Strategies and The Digital Turn.' European Educational Research Journal 15 (1): 14 -33. Spence, M. 1973. 'Job Market Signaling.' The Quarterly Journal of Economics 87 (3): 355-374. doi:10.2307/1882010. Sung, J., and D. N. Ashton. 2015. Skills in Business: The Role of Business Strategy, Sectoral Skills Development and Skills Policy. London: Sage. Thurow, L. 1972. 'Education and Economic Equality.' The Public Interest 28: 66-81. Thurow, L. 1975. Generating Inequality: Mechanisms of Distribution in the U.S. Economy. New York, NY: Basic Books. Tinati, R., S. Halford, L. Carr, and C. Pope. 2014. 'Big Data: Methodological Challenges and Approaches for Sociological Analysis.' Sociology 48 (4): 663-681. doi:10.1177/0038038513511561. Van de Werfhorst, H. G. 2011. 'Skills, Positional Good or Social Closure? the Role of Education across Structural-Institutional Labour Market Settings.' Journal of Education and Work 24 (5): 521-548. doi:10.1080/13639080.2011.586994. Van de Werfhorst, H. G., and R. Andersen. 2005. 'Social Background, Credential Inflation and Educational Strategies.' Acta sociologica 48 (4): 321-340. doi:10.1177/0001699305059945. Weber, M. 1978. Economy and Society. Berkeley: University of California Press. Wheelahan, L., and G. Moodie. 2017. 'Vocational Education Qualifications' Roles in Pathways to Work in Liberal Market Economies.' Journal Of Vocational Education & Training 69 (1): 10-27. Wilson, R. A. 2010. Skills Supply and Demand in Europe Medium-­-Term Forecast up to 2020. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. Young, M. 1958. The Rise of the Meritocracy 1870-­-2033: An essay on education and society. London: Thames and Hudson. · DOI

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Authors
Brown, P., & Souto-Otero, M.
Affiliations
School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Venue
Journal of Education Policy
Published
2018-12-20
Volume
35
Issue
1
Pages
95-118
ISSN
  • 0268-0939
  • 1464-5106
Cited by
94
References
1
Language
en

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