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The unwillingness‐to‐communicate scale: Development and validation
Abstract
The construct of unwillingness to communicate represents a global predisposition to avoid communication, whether due to apprehension, alienation, low self‐esteem, introversion, or other causes. The lines of research supporting the existence of the construct are discussed. The program of research leading to the present form of the Unwillingness‐to‐Communicate Scale is reported, including results of two studies that have provided reliability and validity data. Based on factor analysis results, a 20‐item instrument with two factors, reward and approach‐avoidance, is recommended for research use.
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Cited by
MACINTYRE, P. D., CLÉMENT, R., DÖRNYEI, Z., & NOELS, K. A. (1998) · The Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1998.tb05543.x · Cited by 2,171
Papacharissi, Z., & Rubin, A. M. (2000) · Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media · doi:10.1207/s15506878jobem4402_2 · Cited by 1,826
Caplan, S. E. (2003) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650203257842 · Cited by 1,026
Oral communication apprehension: A summary of recent theory and research
McCROSKEY, J. C. (1977) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00599.x · Cited by 890
An Exploration of Chinese EFL Learners' Unwillingness to Communicate and Foreign Language Anxiety
LIU, M., & JACKSON, J. (2008) · The Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.2008.00687.x · Cited by 729
Metadata
- Authors
- Burgoon, J. K.
- Venue
- Communication Monographs
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1976-03
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 60-69
- ISSN
- 0363-7751 (ISSN-L)
- 1479-5787
- OpenAlex
- W2003986563
- Cited by
- 405
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 12.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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