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Global co-distribution of light at night (LAN) and cancers of prostate, colon, and lung in men
Abstract
The incidence rates of cancers in men differ by countries of the world. We compared the incidence rates of three of the most common cancers (prostate, lung, and colon) in men residing in 164 different countries with the population-weighted light at night (LAN) exposure and with several developmental and environmental indicators, including per capita income, percent urban population, and electricity consumption. The estimate of per capita LAN exposure was a novel aspect of this study. Both ordinary least squares (OLS) and spatial error (SE) regression models were used in the analysis. We found a significant positive association between population exposure to LAN and incidence rates of prostate cancer, but no such association with lung cancer or colon cancer. The prostate cancer result is consistent with a biological theory and a limited number of previous studies of circadian disruption and risk. The LAN-prostate cancer connection is postulated to be due to suppression of melatonin and/or disruption of clock gene function. An analysis holding other variables at average values across the 164 countries yielded a risk of prostate cancer in the highest LAN-exposed countries 110% higher than in the lowest LAN exposed countries. This observed association is a necessary condition for a potentially large effect of LAN on risk of prostate cancer. However, it is not sufficient due to potential confounding by factors that increase the risk of prostate cancer and are also associated with LAN among the studied countries.
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“Epidemiological studies have revealed that individuals who work night-shifts are at higher risk for developing cancer (Hansen, 2001; Kloog et al., 2009; Megdal et al., 2005; Schernhammer et al., 2006; Schernhammer et al., 2001; Viswanathan et al., 2007) or display poorer cancer prognosis (Lis et al., 2003).”
From Circadian Rhythm Disruption Promotes Lung Tumorigenesis (2016) · cites this paper as Kloog et al., 2009
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“…the production of the pineal hormone melatonin, and since melatonin is an oncostatic or anti-carcinognenic agent, lower levels in blood may encourage the growth of some type of cancers (Glickman et al., 2002; Stevens et al., 2007; Kloog et al., 2008, 2009; Bullough et al., 2006; Haim et al., 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCircadian Rhythm Disruption Promotes Lung Tumorigenesis
Papagiannakopoulos, T., Bauer, M. R., Davidson, S. M., Heimann, M., Subbaraj, L., Bhutkar, A., Bartlebaugh, J., Vander Heiden, M. G., & Jacks, T. (2016) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.07.001 · Cited by 557
“Circadian rhythm disruption through shift work has been linked to increased cancer risk in multiple types of cancer (Hansen, 2001; Kloog et al., 2009; Schernhammer et al., 2001, 2006).”
InfluentialCho, Y.-M., Ryu, S., Lee, B. R., Kim, K., Lee, E., & Choi, J. W. (2015) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2015.1073158 · Cited by 490
“Kloog and colleagues used the DMSP data in their ecological studies to show that the ALAN level increased the risk of breast cancer in women and of prostate cancer in men; these results were independent of other cancers, including lung cancer (Kloog et al., 2008, 2009, 2010).”
BackgroundMethodThe Effects of Light at Night on Circadian Clocks and Metabolism
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kloog, I., Haim, A., Stevens, R. G., & Portnov, B. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Haifa (IL)
- UConn Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Portnov, Boris A.
- Venue
- Chronobiology International
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 108-125
- ISSN
- 0742-0528 (ISSN-L)
- 1525-6073
- OpenAlex
- W2164074733
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 11.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chronobiology International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Keywords
- light at night, artificial light exposure, prostate cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, cancer incidence, circadian rhythm disruption, melatonin suppression, clock genes, per capita income, urbanization, electricity consumption, cross-national comparison, confounding
- MeSH terms
- Circadian Rhythm, Colonic Neoplasms, Electricity, Humans, Light, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Prostatic Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Urban Population, Global Health, Incidence
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