Cited by 196Psychometric Methodologies and TestingSurvey Methodology and NonresponseReliability and Agreement in Measurement

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The Impact of Midpoint Responses and Reverse Coding on Survey Data

Weems, Gail H., Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J.·2001·Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development

DOI 10.1080/07481756.2002.12069033

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Abstract

Counselors conducting survey research have many item format options to contemplate. This study examined midpoint selection and the effect on reliability of (a) including or excluding midpoint options and (b) using both positively and negatively worded items. Findings indicate that reliability can be affected by both midpoint options and reverse coding.

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Authors: Weems, G. H., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J.
Affiliations: University of Memphis (US)
Howard University (US)
Corresponding author: Weems, Gail H.
ORCID: Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J.
Venue: Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2001-10-01
Volume: 34
Issue: 3
Pages: 166-176
ISSN: 0748-1756 (ISSN-L)
1947-6302
DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2002.12069033
OpenAlex: W1634025776
Cited by: 196
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 2.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
Keywords: reliability statistics, survey data quality

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

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What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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The Impact of Midpoint Responses and Reverse Coding on Survey Data

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

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Cited by

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Metadata

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About these checks