Cram School Students’ Conceptions of Learning and Learning Science in Taiwan
Abstract
The cram school in Taiwan offers additional after‐school instruction to enhance students’ academic performance, and it provides a unique educational context to investigate students’ perspectives toward learning. The purpose of this study was to explore 45 cram school students’ (around 14 years old) conceptions of learning and learning science. The research data were gathered from interviews with each of the students, and the interview responses were further analyzed by a phenomenographic method. It was found that most of these students conceptualized learning or learning science as memorizing school knowledge, preparing for tests, or practicing tutorial problems and processing calculations. This study also revealed that about 76% of the students expressed coherent views between conceptions of learning in general, and those of learning science in particular. Further analyses of student interview responses suggested that the students held a quantitative view of learning (science) and they tended to atomize school knowledge while learning (science). Their motivation for learning was mainly driven by external factors, such as examination scores, and they probably employed a surface approach to learning. Moreover, their conceptions of learning or learning science might imply a dualist epistemology for the nature of knowing and knowledge. This study also showed some evidence that the special educational context of cram schools might guide students develop certain conceptions of learning, thus leading to particular study and motivational approaches.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The highly competitive examination system has led to a learning environment in which teaching and learning activities primarily focused on how to best prepare students for college entrance tests.
“In particular, the highly competitive examination system has led to a learning environment in which teaching and learning activities primarily focused on how to best prepare students' for college entrance tests (Tsai and Kuo 2008).”
From Science education reform in Confucian learning cultures: teachers' perspectives on policy and practice in Taiwan (2018) · cites this paper as Tsai and Kuo 2008
Cites
Forms of Intellectual and Ethical Development in the College Years; A Scheme
Perry, W. G. (1970) · Cited by 4,179 · see citing works
Phenomenography ? Describing conceptions of the world around us
Marton, F. (1981) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1007/bf00132516 · Cited by 3,289 · see citing works
Hofer, B. K., & Pintrich, P. R. (1997) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/00346543067001088 · Cited by 3,181 · see citing works
Murray, C. A., & Herrnstein, R. J. (1994) · Cited by 1,383 · see citing works
Mullis, I. V. S., Martín, M. O., Gonzalez, E. J., & Chrostowski, S. J. (2004) · Cited by 1,100 · see citing works
Marton, F., Dall’Alba, G., & Beaty, E. (1993) · International Journal of Educational Research · Cited by 962 · see citing works
Dimensionality and Disciplinary Differences in Personal Epistemology
Hofer, B. K. (2000) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1006/ceps.1999.1026 · Cited by 930 · see citing works
Cognitive Structure and Conceptual Change
West, L. H. T., & Pines, A. L. (1985) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 910 · see citing works
Personal Epistemology Research: Implications for Learning and Teaching
Hofer, B. K. (2001) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1023/a:1011965830686 · Cited by 797 · see citing works
Schommer-Aikins, M. A. (2004) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1207/s15326985ep3901_3 · Cited by 689 · see citing works
Vermunt, J. D. H. M., & Vermetten, Y. (2004) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-004-0005-y · Cited by 661 · see citing works
Relational analysis of personal epistemology and conceptions about teaching and learning
Chan, K.-W., & Elliott, R. G. (2004) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2004.09.002 · Cited by 640 · see citing works
Learning considered within a cultural context: Confucian and Socratic approaches.
Tweed, R. G., & Lehman, D. R. (2002) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.57.2.89 · Cited by 635 · see citing works
Contexts of Achievement: A Study of American, Chinese, and Japanese Children
Stevenson, H. W., Lee, S.-Y., Chen, C., Stigler, J. W., Hsu, C., Kitamura, S., & Hatano, G. (1990) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1166090 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Learning in Science: A Comparison of Deep and Surface Approaches
Chin, C., & Brown, D. E. (2000) · Journal of Research in Science Teaching · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2736(200002)37:2 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
Nested epistemologies: Science teachers' beliefs of teaching, learning and science
Tsai, C.-C. (2002) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/09500690110049132 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
Self-citationLearning considered within a cultural context: Confucian and Socratic approaches.
Tweed, R. G., & Lehman, D. R. (2002) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.57.2.89 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
The Concepts and Methods of Phenomenographic Research
Richardson, J. T. E. (1999) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/00346543069001053 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
How do students' views of science influence knowledge integration?
Songer, N. B., & Linn, M. C. (1991) · Journal of Research in Science Teaching · doi:10.1002/tea.3660280905 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Stevenson, H. W. (1992) · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Beliefs about Schooled Knowledge: Domain Specific or Domain General?
Buehl, M. M., Alexander, P. A., & Murphy, P. K. (2002) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1006/ceps.2001.1103 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Beliefs About Academic Knowledge
Buehl, M. M., & Alexander, P. A. (2001) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1023/a:1011917914756 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Jin, L. (2002) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022102033003003 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
The influence of age and education on epistemological beliefs
Schommer, M. (1998) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8279.1998.tb01311.x · Cited by 324 · see citing works
U.S and Chinese cultural beliefs about learning.
Jin, L. (2003) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.95.2.258 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Learning Science—A Comparison of Deep and Surface Approaches
Li, Y. (2001) · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Hofer, B. K. (2004) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2004.01.002 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Marton, F., Watkins, D., & Tang, C. S. (1997) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/s0959-4752(96)00009-6 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Students' Conceptions of Learning, the Classroom Environment, and Approaches to Learning
Dart, B. C., Burnett, P. C., Purdie, N., Boulton‐Lewis, G. M., Campbell, J., & Smith, D. (2000) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00220670009598715 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Conceptions of learning science among high school students in Taiwan: a phenomenographic analysis
Tsai, C. (2004) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/0950069042000230776 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Self-citationTsai, C. (2000) · Educational Research · doi:10.1080/001318800363836 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Self-citationKawagley, A. O., Tull, D., & Norris‐Tull, R. A. (1998) · Journal of Research in Science Teaching · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2736(199802)35:2 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Measures of People's Beliefs About Knowledge and Learning
Duell, O. K., & Schommer-Aikins, M. A. (2001) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1023/a:1011969931594 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Chinese Conceptualization of Learning
Jin, L. (2001) · Ethos · doi:10.1525/eth.2001.29.2.111 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Tsai, C. (1998) · Science Education · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-237x(199807)82:4 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Self-citationDahl, T. I., Bals, M., & Turi, A. L. (2005) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709905x25049 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Edmondson, K. M., & Novak, J. D. (1993) · Journal of Research in Science Teaching · doi:10.1002/tea.3660300604 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Prospective gymnasium teachers' conceptions of chemistry learning and teaching
Koballa, T. R., Gräber, W., Coleman, D., & Kemp, A. C. (2000) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/095006900289967 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Exploring students' cognitive structures in learning science: a review of relevant methods
Tsai, C., & Huang, C. (2002) · Journal of Biological Education · doi:10.1080/00219266.2002.9655827 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationStudents' conceptions of learning in different educational contexts
Eklund‐Myrskog, G. (1998) · Higher Education · doi:10.1023/a:1003145613005 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Students' conceptions of learning in an engineering context
Marshall, D., Summer, M., & Woolnough, B. E. (1999) · Higher Education · doi:10.1023/a:1003866607873 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Marton, F. (1983) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/0144341830030311 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Tsai, C. (1998) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/0950069980200403 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationAn Exploratory Study of Situated Conceptions of Learning and Learning Environments
Trigwell, K., & Ashwin, P. (2006) · Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s10734-004-6387-4 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Burnett, P. C., Pillay, H. K., & Dart, B. C. (2003) · School Psychology International · doi:10.1177/0143034303024001621 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Tsai, C. (2000) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/095006900429466 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationAn integrated analysis of secondary school students’ conceptions and beliefs about learning
Cano, F., & Cardelle-Elawar, M. (2004) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/bf03173230 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Supplemental education in Japan: Juku schooling and its implication
Harnisch, D. L. (1994) · Journal of Curriculum Studies · doi:10.1080/0022027940260307 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
‘‘I learn and I grow big’’: Chinese preschoolers’ purposes for learning
Jin, L. (2004) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1080/01650250344000325 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Adolescents' Perceptions Toward the Internet: A 4-T Framework
Tsai, C. (2004) · CyberPsychology & Behavior · doi:10.1089/cpb.2004.7.458 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationChanges in conceptions of learning for Indigenous Australian university students
Boulton‐Lewis, G. M., Wilss, L. A., & Lewis, D. C. (2001) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709901158550 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Relationship of worry and emotionality to test performance in a juku environment
O’Neil, H. F., & Fukumura, T. (1992) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615809208249525 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Eklund, G. (1997) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8279.1997.tb01251.x · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Knowledge, Beliefs, and Learning
Sinatra, G. M. (2001) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1023/a:1011961729777 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Morris, J. (2001) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/01421590120057067a · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Morris, J. (2001) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.3109/01421590109177951 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Tsai, C., Ho, H. N. J., Liang, J., & Lin, H. (2011) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2011.05.002 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Self-citationConceptions of and approaches to learning through online peer assessment
Yang, Y., & Tsai, C. (2009) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.01.003 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Self-citationTsai, C. (2009) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.05.019 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Self-citationLiang, J., & Tsai, C. (2010) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/09500690903397796 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citationKhan, M. S. H., Abdou, B. O., Kettunen, J., & Gregory, S. (2019) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244019861457 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Bliuc, A., Ellis, R. A., Goodyear, P., & Piggott, L. (2010) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.10.027 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
A bibliometric mapping of shadow education research: achievements, limitations, and the future
Hajar, A., & Karakuş, M. (2022) · Asia Pacific Education Review · doi:10.1007/s12564-022-09759-4 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
The Effect of a ‘Learning Theories’ Unit on Students’ Attitudes Toward Learning
Kara, A. (2009) · The Australian journal of teacher education · doi:10.14221/ajte.2009v34n3.5 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Critical aspects of student teachers’ conceptions of learning
Paakkari, L. T., Tynjälä, P., & Kannas, L. K. (2011) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2011.03.003 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Huang, Y.-S., & Asghar, A. (2018) · Cultural Studies of Science Education · doi:10.1007/s11422-016-9762-4 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Lin, C., & Tsai, C. (2009) · Journal of Engineering Education · doi:10.1002/j.2168-9830.2009.tb01017.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationCollege students’ conceptions of context-aware ubiquitous learning: A phenomenographic analysis
Tsai, P.-S., Tsai, C., & Hwang, G. (2011) · The Internet and Higher Education · doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.01.004 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationHsieh, W.-M., & Tsai, C. (2016) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00220671.2016.1220357 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationCheng, M. H. M., & Wan, Z. H. (2015) · Studies in Science Education · doi:10.1080/03057267.2015.1112471 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Tu, Y., & Hwang, G.-J. (2023) · Interactive Learning Environments · doi:10.1080/10494820.2023.2286370 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Exploring students’ conceptions of science learning via drawing: a cross-sectional analysis
Hsieh, W.-M., & Tsai, C. (2017) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/09500693.2017.1280640 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationELT teachers’ epistemological beliefs and dominant teaching style: a mixed method research
Soleimani, N. (2020) · Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education · doi:10.1186/s40862-020-00094-y · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Hsu, P.-L., & Roth, W. (2009) · Research in Science Education · doi:10.1007/s11165-009-9121-5 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
The Effects of Item Format and Cognitive Domain on Students’ Science Performance in TIMSS 2011
Liou, P., & Bulut, O. (2017) · Research in Science Education · doi:10.1007/s11165-017-9682-7 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Chen, S.-F., Lin, C., Wang, J., Lin, S., & Kao, H. (2012) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/09500693.2012.701352 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Shih, Y.-C., & Reynolds, B. L. (2017) · Applied Linguistics Review · doi:10.1515/applirev-2016-1022 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Tao, J., Zheng, C., Lu, Z., Liang, J., & Tsai, C. (2019) · Australasian Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.14742/ajet.4844 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationLin, J., & Chiu, M. (2009) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/09500690903173643 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Li, W.-T., Liang, J., & Tsai, C. (2013) · Chemistry Education Research and Practice · doi:10.1039/c3rp00034f · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationMiedijensky, S., Sasson, I., & Yehuda, I. (2021) · Interchange · doi:10.1007/s10780-021-09423-7 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Lin, C.-L., Tsai, C., & Liang, J. (2011) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s10212-011-0092-3 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationConceptions, Self-Regulation, and Strategies of Learning Science Among Chinese High School Students
Li, M., Zheng, C., Liang, J., Zhang, Y., & Tsai, C. (2016) · International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education · doi:10.1007/s10763-016-9766-2 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationExploring in-service preschool teachers’ conceptions of and approaches to online education
Yang, Y.-F., & Tsai, C. (2017) · Australasian Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.14742/ajet.2635 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationLiou, P. (2014) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/09500693.2014.889331 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Imagination and creativity: wellsprings and streams of education – the Taiwan experience
Wu, J.-J., & Albanese, D. (2013) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2013.813689 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Tsai, P.-S., & Tsai, C. (2012) · The Internet and Higher Education · doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2012.10.001 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationKim, M., Lavonen, J., & Ogawa, M. (2009) · Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education · doi:10.12973/ejmste/75288 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Hajar, A., & Karakuş, M. (2024) · International Journal of Educational Development · doi:10.1016/j.ijedudev.2024.103075 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Huang, Y.-S., & Asghar, A. (2016) · Asia-Pacific Science Education · doi:10.1186/s41029-016-0010-8 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Liou, P., & Ho, H. N. J. (2016) · Research Papers in Education · doi:10.1080/02671522.2016.1236832 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Winnowing Out High-psm Candidates: The Adverse Selection Effect of Competitive Public Service Exams
Chen, C.-A., Chen, D.-H., Liao, Z., & Kuo, M.-F. (2020) · International Public Management Journal · doi:10.1080/10967494.2019.1658663 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The development and alignment of pedagogical conceptions of health education
Paakkari, L. T., Tynjälä, P., Torppa, M., Villberg, J. J., & Kannas, L. K. (2015) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2015.02.005 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Wang, C., & Liou, P. (2017) · International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education · doi:10.1007/s10763-017-9797-3 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Conceptions of learning in technology-enhanced learning environments
Tsai, C. (2017) · AAOU Journal/AAOU journal · doi:10.1108/aaouj-12-2017-0038 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationIDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF TAIWANESE CHILDREN’S CONCEPTIONS OF LEARNING MATHEMATICS
Chiu, M.-S. (2011) · International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education · doi:10.1007/s10763-011-9283-2 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Jen, T., Lee, C.-D., Chien, C., Hsu, Y., & Chen, K. (2012) · International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education · doi:10.1007/s10763-012-9355-y · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The Impact of English Learning Motivation and Attitude on Well-Being: Cram School Students in Taiwan
Lo, C.-F., & Lin, C. (2020) · Future Internet · doi:10.3390/fi12080131 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Pre-service science teachers’ epistemological beliefs and teaching reforms in Tanzania
Tarmo, A. P. (2016) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2016.1178457 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Lin, H., & Tsai, C. (2011) · Learning Media and Technology · doi:10.1080/17439884.2011.606223 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationChiu, Y.-L., Lin, T., & Tsai, C. (2016) · Research in Science & Technological Education · doi:10.1080/02635143.2016.1222518 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Challenge of Learning Physics Before Mathematics: A Case Study of Curriculum Change in Taiwan
Chiu, M.-S. (2015) · Research in Science Education · doi:10.1007/s11165-015-9479-5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Expanded learning: A thought piece about terminology, typology, and transformation
Noam, G. G., & Triggs, B. B. (2019) · IJREE – International Journal for Research on Extended Education · doi:10.3224/ijree.v6i2.07 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
AYAŞ, E. B. (2020) · African Educational Research Journal · doi:10.30918/aerj.81.20.009 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Jansen, D., Elffers, L., & Volman, M. L. L. (2020) · ORBIS SCHOLAE · doi:10.14712/23363177.2020.11 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Durden, G. (2018) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2018.09.013 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Su, S.-C., & Liang, E. (2014) · International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature · doi:10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.4n.1p.106 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Elementary Students' Motivation and Attitudes toward English Animated Cartoons at a Cram School
Su, S.-C., Liang, E., & Student, G. (2014) · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Grade Level Differences in High School Students’ Conceptions of and Motives for Learning Science
Wang, Y., & Tsai, C. (2017) · Research in Science Education · doi:10.1007/s11165-017-9651-1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationInnovative Technology-Assisted Science Learning in Taiwan
Lin, T., & Tsai, C. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-287-472-6_10 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationAligning Olympic education with the liberal arts: a curriculum blueprint from Taiwan
Hsu, L.-H. L., & Kohe, G. Z. (2014) · Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy · doi:10.1080/17408989.2014.882892 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kim, M., & Song, J. (2010) · Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education · doi:10.12973/ejmste/75249 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The Analysis of High School Students’ Conceptions of Learning in Different Domains
(2016) · The International Journal of Environmental and Science Education · doi:10.12973/ijese.2015.278a · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Brazilian and Nigerian International Students’ Conceptions of Learning in Higher Education
Ashong, C., & Commander, N. E. (2017) · Journal of International Students · doi:10.32674/jis.v7i2.319 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
EFL Learners’ Misconceptions or Erroneous Beliefs about Language Learning: An ESP Context
Akbari, Z. (2019) · Language Teaching Research Quarterly · doi:10.32038/ltrq.2019.09.03 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
ÇALIŞKAN, T., & Kapucu, S. (2021) · Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi dergisi/Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi dergisi · doi:10.33711/yyuefd.863217 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Schalk, K. A. (2009) · University Libraries (University of Maryland) · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Chang, T.-C., Lyu, Y. F., Wu, H.-C., & Min, K.-W. (2023) · Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education · doi:10.29333/ejmste/13930 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
An Analysis of Conceptions of Learning English Among College Students in China
Lin, L. (2017) · Sino-US English Teaching · doi:10.17265/1539-8072/2017.04.004 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Assessing students conceptions of learning in physics: a cross-sectional survey study
Belay, E. B. (2025) · Discover Education · doi:10.1007/s44217-025-00951-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
ÇALI, S., & Kapucu, S. (2022) · Fen Bilimleri Öğretimi Dergisi · doi:10.56423/fbod.1139086 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hsu, P. (2008) · Research in Science Education · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ortaokul Öğrencileri İçin Matematik Sınavı Kaygısı Ölçeği: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması
Şan, İ., & AKDAĞ, M. (2017) · Necatibey Eğitim Fakültesi Elektronik Fen ve Matematik Eğitimi Dergisi · doi:10.17522/balikesirnef.356142 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Faleiro, W. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.69-80 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
MOOCs in TVET Sectors of Developing Countries
Khan, M. S. H., Nambobi, M., & Ali, M. S. (2017) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-3465-5.ch003 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Güven, G., & Azkeskin, K. E. (2018) · Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.19171/uefad.505622 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
(2018) · Journal of Nursing & Healthcare · doi:10.33140/jnh.03.03.06 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Smith, D. S. (2015) · Digital Commons (Liberty University) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Student's Attitudes Towards Learning in Educational Environment
Čubranić-Dobrodolac, M., Samčović, A. B., & Čičević, S. (2012) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Incorporating the Epistemic Core in Teacher Education Practice
Erduran, S., & Kaya, E. (2019) · Science: Philosophy, history and education · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-15326-7_4 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Conceptions of Learning Physics among University of Mindanao Students: A Validation Study
Pelobillo, G. (2023) · International Journal of Instruction · doi:10.29333/iji.2023.16451a · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Biyoloji Öğrenme Anlayışları Ölçeği’nin (BÖAÖ) Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
BEDİZEL, N. R. T., YILDIRIM, O., & Özgür, S. (2015) · Necatibey Eğitim Fakültesi Elektronik Fen ve Matematik Eğitimi Dergisi · doi:10.17522/nefefmed.02883 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Li, D., Zhao, Q., Xiao-qi, Y., Li, W., Dai, R., Xiao, Y., & Yu, B. (2021) · Journal of Baltic Science Education · doi:10.33225/jbse/21.20.407 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Student Examination Performance Predictors: The Cramming Study Strategy and Examination Format
Haberman, A. (2011) · Cornerstone (Minnesota State University, Mankato) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Lin, K.-L. (2017) · Griffith Research Online · doi:10.25904/1912/1153 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Critical Success Factors for an E-Learning Service Center in the Taiwan Knowledge Bank
Huang, Y., Yang, W. I., Lo, K. Y., & Chen, Y. (2014) · Management and administrative sciences review
Mahmud, Z., Ibrahim, N. M., Sapri, S., & Ahmad, S. (2016) · IJAEDU- International E-Journal of Advances in Education · doi:10.18768/ijaedu.49111
Development of conceptions of learning biology scale (CBLS): Validity and reliability study
BEDİZEL, N. R. T., Yıldırım, O., & Özgür, S. (2015)
ENSINANDO CONCEPÇÕES DE APRENDIZAGEM POR MEIO DE DIÁRIOS AUTOBIOGRÁFICOS
da Costa, E. R., ASSIS, M. P., & ARAÚJO, J. P. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.125-150
RELATO DE UM CAMPONÊS: dificuldades de implementação da reforma agrária no Brasil
SILVA, P. A. S., DIAS, W. F., & Almeida, J. S. M. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.261-278
MEMÓRIAS DE UMA PROFESSORA PRIMÁRIA: FRAGMENTOS DO ENSINO RURAL EM RIO VERDE/GO (1985-2014)
Dias, K. G., SILVA, M. A. A., & de Almeida, M. Z. C. M. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.279-298
Felício, C. M., QUEIROZ, C. R. A. A., & Soares, M. H. F. B. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.151-182
EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO: uma experiência intercultural na Escola Família Agrícola
Graciano, M. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.13-46
EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO E ENSINO CIÊNCIAS: caminhos e estratégias a partir do cotidiano
Paula, G. X., Souza, P. F., & SANTOS, W. B. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.107-124
Lubambo, C. W., & Almeida, W. F. S. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.335-366
UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE FORMAÇÃO DA JUVENTUDE CAMPESINA: desafios e oportunidades
Oliveira, M. N. D. S. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.201-220
de Abreu, J. R. G., & ABREU, L. C. G. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.237-260
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO PIBID DIVERSIDADE1 NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE ALUNAS/OS DA EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO DA UFRR-RR
Lopes, S. L. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.47-68
PRÁTICAS DE LETRAMENTO NO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA EM UMA ESCOLA DO CAMPO DE GIRAU DO PONCIANO-AL
Santos, J. A., NUNES, C. H. F., & Matos, J. C. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.299-314
de Araújo, R. R., & Viviane de Almeida, L. I. M. A. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.81-106
COMPREENDENDO AS RELAÇÕES INTERPESSOAIS DOS JOVENS DO CAMPO ESTUDANTES DE UMA ESCOLA URBANA
Farias, M. N., & Faleiro, W. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.221-236
SILVA, M. S. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.1-4
Faleiro, W., BARBOSA, W. S., & Almeida, J. S. M. (2019) · Navegando Publicações eBooks · doi:10.29388/978-85-53111-57-2-0-f.5-12
Yenice, N., Özden, B., & METİN, T. N. (2023) · Kalem Uluslararasi Egitim ve Insan Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.23863/kalem.2023.272
Study of Epistemological Beliefs and Teaching Styles of Management Teachers in India
Ashtankar, O., Kakade, K. S., Kale, S. K., Brahmane, J. S., Nigadkar, M. P., & Kulkarni, A. M. (2023) · International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control for Engineering and Business Systems (ICCEBS) · doi:10.1109/iccebs58601.2023.10449019
- Authors
- Tsai, C., & Kuo, P.
- Affiliations
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (TW)
- National Pingtung University (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Tsai, Chin‐Chung
- ORCID
- Tsai, Chin‐Chung
- Venue
- International Journal of Science Education
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2007-11-28
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 353-375
- ISSN
- 0950-0693 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-5289
- OpenAlex
- W1994769353
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 17.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Science Education (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Council
- Nature
- Division of Mathematical Sciences
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Science Education and Pedagogy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Educational Strategies and Epistemologies
- Social Sciences › Demography › Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities
- Keywords
- conceptions of learning, cram schools, student perceptions, memorization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
