The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Assessing building performance in use 3: energy performance of the Probe buildings
Abstract
By early 1999, the Probe series of post-occupancy studies had reported individually on 16 buildings. This paper compares their energy performance and carbon emissions (for technical performance and occupant satisfaction, see papers 2 and 4 in this issue). All but one building (which paradoxically used the least energy of Probe's air-conditioned offices) claimed to be energy efficient, but achieved performance ranged from excellent to below average. Across the sample, there was a factor of six in carbon dioxide emissions per unit floor area, and even more per occupant. The air-conditioned buildings tended to use the most energy: they usually contained more equipment, were more intensively occupied, but also usually ran more liberally and wastefully – as did more complex systems generally. Often complication seemed to have been added before the fundamentals had been made efficient. Design objectives were also frustrated by poor airtightness, control problems, unintended consequences, a dearth of energy management, and a tendency for systems to default to ‘on’ - also a pathological trend for information technology and its associated cooling demands. Solutions include load reduction, ‘gentle engineering’, better matches between demand and supply, and predictions based on a better understanding of in-use performance. Dès le début 1999, les responsables du projet Probe d'évaluation de la fonctionnalité de bâtiments après emménagement avaient fait rapport sur 16 bâtiments. Le présent article compare le rendement énergétique et les émissions de carbone de ces bâtiments (pour ce qui est du rendement technique et de la satisfaction des occupants, cf. les articles 2 et 4 du présent dossier. A l'exception d'un bâtiment (qui, paradoxalement, était le plus petit consommateur d'énergie des bureaux climatisés de type Probe) tous les autres prétendaient être rentables sur le plan de l'énergie; en réalité, leur note d'évaluation était comprise dans une fourchette entre «Excellente» et «Inférieure à la moyenne ». Dans cet échantillon, on a relevé un facteur de six pour les émissions de dioxyde de carbone par unité de surface de plancher et même plus per occupant. Les bâtiments climatisés ont tendance à être les plus gros consommateurs d'énergie: ils contiennent généralement davantage d'équipements, sont occupés de manière plus intensive mais sont aussi exploités de manière plus libérale et affichent des consommations excessives, comme d'ailleurs la plupart de systèmes complexes. Il apparaît fréquemment que l'on ait ajouté des complications avant même d'essayer de rendre plus efficaces les systèmes de base. Les objectifs de conception ont été contrecarrés par une mauvaise étanchéité, des problèmes de contrôle, des conséquences involontaires, une mauvaise gestion de l'énergie et une tendance pour les systèmes à se mettre par défaut sur la position « marche », ce qui est également une inclination pathologique que l'on constate dans les technologies de l'information et dans la demande en refroidissement associée. Les solutions passent par une réduction des charges, une « ingénierie douce », de meilleurs équilibres entre la demande et la fourniture et des prévisions basées sur une meilleure compréhension des performances en service.
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Citations
Cites
Assessing building performance in use 4: the Probe occupant surveys and their implications
Leaman, A., & Bordass, B. (2001) · Building Research & Information · doi:10.1080/09613210010008045 · Cited by 332
Self-citationAssessing building performance in use 1: the Probe process
Cohen, R., Standeven, M., Bordass, B., & Leaman, A. (2001) · Building Research & Information · doi:10.1080/09613210010008018 · Cited by 226
Self-citationAssessing building performance in use 2: technical performance of the Probe buildings
Bordass, B., Cohen, R., Standeven, M., et al. (2001) · Building Research & Information · doi:10.1080/09613210010008027 · Cited by 94
Self-citation
Cited by
de Wilde, P. (2014) · Automation in Construction · doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2014.02.009 · Cited by 1,045
Lomas, K. J., & Ji, Y. (2009) · Energy and Buildings · doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.01.001 · Cited by 127
Post-occupancy evaluation in architecture: experiences and perspectives from UK practice
Hay, R., Samuel, F., Watson, K. J., & Bradbury, S. (2018) · Building Research & Information · doi:10.1080/09613218.2017.1314692 · Cited by 124
Metadata
- Authors
- Bordass, B., Cohen, R., Standeven, M., & Leaman, A.
- Venue
- Building Research & Information
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2001-03
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 114-128
- ISSN
- 0961-3218 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-4321
- OpenAlex
- W2163817824
- Cited by
- 285
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 18.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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