Cited by 403Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis3D Modeling in Geospatial ApplicationsSustainable Design and Development

Urban stock over time: spatial material stock analysis using 4d-GIS

Tanikawa, Hiroki, Hashimoto, Seiji·2009·Building Research & Information

Abstract

A huge amount of construction material is required in urban areas for developing and maintaining buildings and infrastructure. Ageing stocks, which were built during a period of rapid growth in Japan (1955–1973), will cause a new waste flow in the near future. In order to assess urban metabolism with regard to building and infrastructure, it is necessary to understand change in its material accumulation both ‘spatially’ and ‘temporally’. In this analysis, material accumulation over time is elucidated using four-dimensional Geographical Information Systems (4d-GIS) data at an urban scale. An approximately 8 km2 urban area of Salford in Manchester, UK, and 11 km2 of Wakayama City centre, Japan, were selected as case study sites. In this analysis, the material stock of buildings, roadways and railways was estimated locally over time, using a 4d-GIS database: (1) to find the spatial distribution of construction materials over time, (2) to estimate the demolition curve of buildings based on characteristics of an area, and (3) to clarify material accumulation with vertical location, such as above and below ground, from the viewpoint of recyclability. By estimation of the demolition curve, the life span of buildings in an urban area was found to be shorter than the national average respectively at both sites: 81 years in the urban area of Salford compared with 128 years for the UK; and 28 years in Wakayama City centre compared with the Japanese national average of 40 years. In 2004, 47% of total construction material was stocked in underground infrastructure in Wakayama City centre. Une quantité considérable de matériaux de construction est nécessaire dans les zones urbaines pour construire et entretenir les bâtiments et les infrastructures. Les parcs bâtis vieillissants, qui ont été construits au cours d'une période de croissance rapide au Japon (1955–1973) occasionneront un nouveau flux de déchets dans un proche avenir. Afin d'évaluer le métabolisme urbain du point de vue des bâtiments et des infrastructures, il est nécessaire de comprendre à la fois dans l'espace et dans le temps les changements intervenant dans son accumulation de matériaux. Dans cette analyse, l'accumulation de matériaux au fil du temps est élucidée en utilisant les données de Systèmes d'Information Géographique quadridimensionnels (SIG-4D) à une échelle urbaine. Un secteur urbain d'environ 8 km2 de Salford, à Manchester, au Royaume-Uni, et 11 km2 du centre-ville de Wakayama, au Japon, ont été sélectionnés comme sites pour cette étude de cas. Dans cette analyse, le parc de matériaux constitué par les bâtiments, les routes et les voies ferrées a été estimé localement au fil du temps, en utilisant une base de données SIG-4D: (1) pour découvrir la distribution spatiale des matériaux de construction au fil du temps, (2) pour estimer la courbe de démolition des bâtiments en se basant sur les caractéristiques d'un secteur, et (3) pour clarifier l'accumulation de matériaux par leur emplacement vertical, tel qu'au-dessus et en dessous du sol, du point de vue de la recyclabilité. Grâce à l'estimation de la courbe de démolition, il a été découvert que la durée de vie des bâtiments dans un secteur urbain est inférieure à la moyenne nationale sur les deux sites, respectivement: 81 ans dans le secteur urbain de Salford, comparé à 128 ans pour le Royaume-Uni; et 28 ans dans le centre-ville de Wakayama, comparé à la moyenne nationale japonaise de 40 ans. En 2004, 47% de la totalité des matériaux de construction, dans le centre-ville de Wakayama, étaient accumulés dans les infrastructures souterraines. Mots clés: parc bâti, Systèmes d'Information Géographique quadridimensionnels (SIG-4D), parc des infrastructures, flux de masse, intensité en matériaux, analyse du parc de matériaux, développement durable, temps, flux de masse urbaine

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Crossref · 10.1080/09613210903169394

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  • The 'lost stock' of construction materials mostly in sub-surface layers, including foundations, and the 'hibernating stock' in delipidated and abandoned construction provide additional potential for reuse and recycling of building material, but the limited value of the materials may constitute a major barrier.

    “The 'lost stock' of construction materials mostly in sub-surface layers, including foundations, and the 'hibernating stock' in delipidated and abandoned construction provide additional potential for reuse and recycling of building material, but the limited value of the materials may constitute a major barrier [64,110,111].”

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References 11 · Cited by 403

Authors
Tanikawa, H., & Hashimoto, S.
Affiliations
  • Nagoya University (JP)
  • National Institute for Environmental Studies (JP)
Corresponding author
Tanikawa, Hiroki
Venue
Building Research & Information
Published
2009-11
Volume
37
Issue
5-6
Pages
483-502
ISSN
  • 0961-3218 (ISSN-L)
  • 1466-4321
OpenAlex
W1964363455
Cited by
403
References
11
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 10
FWCI
5.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Building Research & Information (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › 3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Sustainable Design and Development
Keywords
building materials, urban metabolism, 4D GIS, building lifespan, underground infrastructure, material recyclability, waste streams, Salford, road and railway infrastructure

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