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Cited by 288Traumatic Brain Injury ResearchMedical Practices and RehabilitationDisability Education and Employment

Return to work following traumatic brain injury: Trends and challenges

Shames, Jeffrey, Treger, Iuly, Ring, Haim, Giaquinto, Salvatore·2007·Disability and Rehabilitation
DOI 10.1080/09638280701315011
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Abstract

PURPOSE: The aim of this paper is to present the current knowledge regarding return to work (RTW) following traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHOD: Based on a Medline search, the authors reviewed the current TBI rehabilitation literature regarding (a) predictive factors for successful RTW, and (b) current concepts in rehabilitative strategies for successful RTW. RESULTS: The functional consequences to the victim of traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be severe. Intensive rehabilitative efforts typically emphasize the early phase and address mainly the accompanying functional deficits in the realm of basic activities of daily living and mobility. An otherwise successful medical rehabilitation may end unsuccessfully because of the failure to return to work, with profound consequences to the individual and family, both economic and psychosocial. Even mild TBI may cause lasting problems in tasks calling for sustained attention. There appears to be a complex interaction between pre-morbid characteristics, injury factors, post injury impairments, personal and environmental factors in TBI patients, which influences RTW outcomes in ways that make prediction difficult. Injury severity and lack of self-awareness appear to be the most significant indicators of failure to RTW. Several medical, psychosocial and rehabilitative therapies are currently being implemented in rehabilitation settings which improve the chances of returning to work. CONCLUSION: Accurate prediction of whether a particular TBI patient will successfully return to work is not feasible, with RTW rates in the 12 - 70% range. A significant proportion of TBI patients, including those who are severely injured, are able to return to productive employment if sufficient and appropriate effort is invested. A comprehensive approach - medical and psychosocial - eventually entailing adequate vocational rehabilitation with supported employment can improve outcomes.

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Crossref · 10.1080/09638280701315011

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  • Psychosocial variables such as strong work ethic, expressed desire to work, maintain habits, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and work history have been identified as predictive of success in return to employment or education.

    “Psychosocial variables such as a strong work ethic [25–27], expressed desire to work [28–30], maintain habits [19, 31] and self-esteem, self-efficacy [19, 32–34] and work history [15, 35] have also been investigated and identified as predictive of success in return to employment or education.”

    From An enhanced individual placement and support (iPS) intervention based on the model of human occupation (MOHO); a prospective cohort study (2020) · cites this paper as [28]

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Authors
Shames, J., Treger, I., Ring, H., & Giaquinto, S.
Affiliations
  • Maccabi Healthcare Services (IL)
  • Tel Aviv University (IL)
  • IRCCS San Raffaele Roma (IT)
Corresponding author
Ring, Haim
ORCID
Treger, Iuly
Venue
Disability and Rehabilitation
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2007-01
Volume
29
Issue
17
Pages
1387-1395
ISSN
  • 0963-8288 (ISSN-L)
  • 1464-5165
DOI
10.1080/09638280701315011
OpenAlex
W1983310106
Cited by
288
References
66
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 18
FWCI
10.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Disability and Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Disability Education and Employment
Keywords
traumatic brain injury, return to work, vocational rehabilitation, supported employment, predictors of return to work, injury severity, self-awareness, psychosocial rehabilitation, mild traumatic brain injury, sustained attention, activities of daily living, mobility (physical function)
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Age Factors, Brain Injuries, Employment, Humans, Middle Aged, Rehabilitation, Vocational, Injury Severity Score

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