Classroom assessment and pedagogy
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Cites
Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform
Shulman, L. (1987) · Harvard Educational Review · doi:10.17763/haer.57.1.j463w79r56455411 · Cited by 16,787 · see citing works
Assessment and Classroom Learning
Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (1998) · Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice · doi:10.1080/0969595980050102 · Cited by 8,152 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…we address one aspect of this lack of closure: that, as noted by Phillippe Perrenoud in his response to our earlier review of research into formative assessment (Black & Wiliam, 1998), any adequate theory of formative assessment needs to be embedded in a wider theoretical field (Perrenoud, 1998).”
Self-citationFormative assessment and the design of instructional systems
Sadler, D. R. (1989) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1007/bf00117714 · Cited by 4,285 · see citing works
Developing the theory of formative assessment
Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (2009) · Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability · doi:10.1007/s11092-008-9068-5 · Cited by 3,301 · cited 2× · see citing works
“All of these issues are explored in more detail in the analysis of interactive formative assessment in our earlier paper (Black & Wiliam, 2009).”
Self-citationAn Educational Psychology Success Story: Social Interdependence Theory and Cooperative Learning
Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (2009) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x09339057 · Cited by 2,721 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, as is clear from the research of Robert Slavin (e.g., Slavin, Hurley & Chamberlain, 2003) and the Johnson brothers (Johnson & Johnson, 2009) such peer interaction is likely to be successful only when there are group goals (so that students are working as a group, not just in a group) and…”
CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK AND LEARNER UPTAKE: Negotiation of Form in Communicative Classrooms
Lyster, R., & Ranta, L. (1997) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263197001034 · Cited by 2,259 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…in a well-meaning attempt to ‘put things right’ or for a teacher to ‘recast’ a student’s response in a way that makes it correct even though there is substantial evidence that such approaches are ineffective (Lyster & Ranta, 1997); a third is the use of what Alexander describes as ‘phatic praise’.”
Formative assessment: a critical review
Bennett, R. E. (2011) · Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice · doi:10.1080/0969594x.2010.513678 · Cited by 1,498 · see citing works
Working inside the Black Box: Assessment for Learning in the Classroom
Black, P., Harrison, C., Lee, C., Marshall, B., & Wiliam, D. (2004) · Phi Delta Kappan · doi:10.1177/003172170408600105 · Cited by 1,323 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In subsequent work (Black et al. 2002, 2003) the practical implementations of various formative assessment practices were explored with and by teachers: the findings of this work did produce explicit guidance to help teachers develop their use of formative assessment.”
Self-citationTeachers developing assessment for learning: impact on student achievement
Wiliam *, D., Lee, C., Harrison, C., & Black, P. (2004) · Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice · doi:10.1080/0969594042000208994 · Cited by 664 · cited 2× · see citing works
“One exception to this neglect of assessment is in the discussion by Wiske (1999), drawing on findings from the Teaching for Understanding Project in the USA.”
Self-citationReasoning as a scientist: ways of helping children to use language to learn science
Mercer, N., Dawes, L., Wegerif, R., & Sams, C. (2004) · British Educational Research Journal · doi:10.1080/01411920410001689689 · Cited by 637 · see citing works
Interactive whole class teaching in the National Literacy and Numercy Strategies
Smith, F., Hardman, F., Wall, K., & Mroz, M. (2004) · British Educational Research Journal · doi:10.1080/01411920410001689706 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
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Machine Learning for Human Learners: Opportunities, Issues, Tensions and Threats
Webb, M. E., Fluck, A., Magenheim, J., Malyn-Smith, J., Waters, J., Deschênes, M., & Zagami, J. (2021) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/s11423-020-09858-2 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
The development of secondary students' feedback literacy: peer assessment as an intervention
Ketonen, L., Nieminen, P., & Hähkiöniemi, M. (2020) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00220671.2020.1835794 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Peer assessment can be used to train students to deepen their understanding of the criteria (Anker-Hansen & Andr ee, 2019; Black & Wiliam, 2018) and develop the ability to judge others’ work (Han & Xu, 2019b).”
Assessment Conceptions and Practices: Perspectives of Primary School Teachers and Students
Monteiro, V., Mata, L., & Santos, N. N. (2021) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2021.631185 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Afghan English teachers’ and students’ perceptions of formative assessment: A comparative analysis
Golzar, J., Momenzadeh, S. E., & Miri, M. A. (2022) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2022.2107297 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Lahza, H. F., Demartini, G., Noroozi, O., Gašević, D., Sadiq, S., & Khosravi, H. (2025) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105260 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Naccache, H., & Hleiss, R. (2026) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2026.1840093
Junaidi, M., Padmadewi, N. N., Utami, I. G. A. L. P., & Suarcaya, P. (2026) · Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE) · doi:10.37251/jee.v7i3.3428
“Formative assessment and feedback are most useful when they clarify the expected standard, indicate the learner's current performance, and guide the next improvement step [36]-[40].”
- Authors
- Black, P., & Wiliam, D.
- Venue
- Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-03-22
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 551-575
- ISSN
- 0969-594X
- 1465-329X
- Cited by
- 423
- References
- 11
- Language
- en
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