The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
National Estimates of Outdoor Air Toxics Concentrations
Open accessAbstract
The Clean Air Act identifies 189 hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), or "air toxics," associated with a wide range of adverse human health effects. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has conducted a modeling study with the Assessment System for Population Exposure Nationwide (ASPEN) to gain a greater understanding of the spatial distribution of concentrations of these HAPs resulting from contributions of multiple emission sources. The study estimates year 1990 long-term outdoor concentrations of 148 air toxics for each census tract in the continental United States, utilizing a Gaussian air dispersion modeling approach. Ratios of median national modeled concentrations to estimated emissions indicate that emission totals without consideration of emission source type can be a misleading indicator of air quality. The results also indicate priorities for improvements in modeling methodology and emissions identification. Model performance evaluation suggests a tendency for underprediction of observed concentrations, which is likely due, at least in part, to a number of limitations of the Gaussian modeling formulation. Emissions estimates for HAPs have a high degree of uncertainty and contribute to discrepancies between modeled and monitored concentration estimates. The model's ranking of concentrations among monitoring sites is reasonably good for most of the gaseous HAPs evaluated, with ranking accuracy ranging from 66 to 100%.
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“The justification for this was based on empirical evidence demonstrating that similar exposure assessment methods for different air pollutant compounds are heterogeneous in terms of their internal validity [32, 33].”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Multiple Airborne Pollutants and Autism Spectrum Disorder (2016) · cites this paper as [32]
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““probably high” for those with “medium” confidence (i.e., coke oven emissions, vinyl chloride, chloroform, ethylene dibromide, etc.), and “high” for those with “lower” confidence (i.e., arsenic compounds, beryllium compounds, cadmium compounds, lead compounds, etc.).”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Multiple Airborne Pollutants and Autism Spectrum Disorder (2016) · cites this paper as [62]
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Cites
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Items 101–103 of 103
(2000) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420056730.bmatt
Pratt, G. C. (2000) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.108-a162
Pratt, G. C. (2000) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.2307/3454329
Metadata
- Authors
- Rosenbaum, A. S., Axelrad, D. A., Woodruff, T. J., Wei, Y.-H., Ligocki, M. P., & Cohen, J. P.
- Affiliations
- Environmental Protection Agency (US)
- a ICF Consulting , San Rafael , California , USA
- Venue
- Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1999-10
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1138-1152
- ISSN
- 1047-3289 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-2247
- 2162-2906
- OpenAlex
- W2047205424
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 9.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Keywords
- hazardous air pollutants, population exposure, aspen, emission source contributions, emission uncertainty, model evaluation, Clean Air Act, air quality modeling
- MeSH terms
- Air Pollutants, Models, Theoretical, United States, Hazardous Substances
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