Cited by 127Psychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionMental Health via WritingPsychotherapy Techniques and Applications

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Does gratitude writing improve the mental health of psychotherapy clients? Evidence from a randomized controlled trial

Wong, Y. Joel, Owen, Jesse, Gabana, Nicole T., Brown, Joshua W., McInnis, Sydney, Toth, Paul, Gilman, Lynn·2018·Psychotherapy Research

DOI 10.1080/10503307.2016.1169332

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Abstract

Although the past decade has witnessed growing research interest in positive psychological interventions (PPIs), their potential as adjunctive interventions for psychotherapy remains relatively unexplored. Therefore, this article expands the frontiers of PPI research by reporting the first randomized controlled trial to test a gratitude writing adjunctive intervention for psychotherapy clients. Participants were 293 adults seeking university-based psychotherapy services. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (a) control (psychotherapy only), (b) a psychotherapy plus expressive writing, and (c) a psychotherapy plus gratitude writing. Participants in the gratitude condition wrote letters expressing gratitude to others, whereas those in the expressive writing condition wrote about their deepest thoughts and feelings about stressful experiences. About 4 weeks as well as 12 weeks after the conclusion of the writing intervention, participants in the gratitude condition reported significantly better mental health than those in the expressive and control conditions, whereas those in the expressive and control conditions did not differ significantly. Moreover, lower proportions of negative emotion words in participants' writing mediated the positive effect of condition (gratitude versus expressive writing) on mental health. These findings are discussed in light of the use of gratitude interventions as adjunctive interventions for psychotherapy clients.

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Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0006
The Centrality of Character Strengths and How to Use Them in Positive Psychotherapy
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0004
Positive Interventions and Theoretical Assumptions
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0002
Necesitamos un periodismo honesto.
Castellano, N. (2013) · Mugak
Session Fifteen: Meaning and Purpose
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0021
Session Eleven: Slowness and Savoring
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0017
Session Six: Forgiveness
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0012
Session Four: A Better Version of Me
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0010
Session Three: Practical Wisdom
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0009
Session Five: Open and Closed Memories
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0011
Session Ten: Posttraumatic Growth
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0016
Session Two: Character Strengths and Signature Strengths
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0008
Session Twelve: Positive Relationships
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0018
Session Nine: Hope and Optimism
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0015
Session Seven: Maximizing versus Satisficing
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0013

Authors: Wong, Y. J., Owen, J., Gabana, N. T., Brown, J. W., McInnis, S., Toth, P., & Gilman, L.
Affiliations: Indiana University Bloomington (US)
University of Denver (US)
University of Mississippi Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Wong, Y. Joel
ORCID: Wong, Y. Joel
Owen, Jesse
Brown, Joshua W.
Gilman, Lynn
Venue: Psychotherapy Research
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2016-05-03
Volume: 28
Issue: 2
Pages: 192-202
ISSN: 1050-3307 (ISSN-L)
1468-4381
DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2016.1169332
OpenAlex: W2345774771
Cited by: 127
References: 53
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2
FWCI: 26.69
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychotherapy Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Digital Commons - DU (University of Denver) (submittedVersion)
Funders: John Templeton Foundation
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Keywords: expressive writing, positive psychology interventions, adjunctive psychotherapy, mental health, negative emotion words, mediation, gratitude letter
MeSH terms: Adult, Mental Disorders, Emotions, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Psychotherapy, Writing, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Young Adult

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Does gratitude writing improve the mental health of psychotherapy clients? Evidence from a randomized controlled trial

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