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Azo dyes and human health: A review
Abstract
Synthetic azo dyes are widely used in industries. Gerhardt Domagk discovered that the antimicrobial effect of red azo dye Prontosil was caused by the reductively cleaved (azo reduction) product sulfanilamide. The significance of azo reduction is thus revealed. Azo reduction can be accomplished by human intestinal microflora, skin microflora, environmental microorganisms, to a lesser extent by human liver azoreductase, and by nonbiological means. Some azo dyes can be carcinogenic without being cleaved into aromatic amines. However, the carcinogenicity of many azo dyes is due to their cleaved product such as benzidine. Benzidine induces various human and animal tumors. Another azo dye component, p-phenylenediamine, is a contact allergen. Many azo dyes and their reductively cleaved products as well as chemically related aromatic amines are reported to affect human health, causing allergies and other human maladies.
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Bomhard, E. M., & Herbold, B. A. (2005) · Critical Reviews in Toxicology · doi:10.1080/10408440500442384 · Cited by 99
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Zheng, Y., Cheng, B., You, W., Yu, J., & Ho, W. (2019) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.013 · Cited by 465
Gopinath, K. P., Madhav, N. V., Krishnan, A., Malolan, R., & Rangarajan, G. (2020) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110906 · Cited by 449
Recent advances in carbon nanomaterials-based electrochemical sensors for food azo dyes detection
Karimi-Maleh, H., Beitollahi, H., Senthil Kumar, P., Tajik, S., Mohammadzadeh Jahani, P., Karimi, F., Karaman, C., Vasseghian, Y., Baghayeri, M., Rouhi, J., et al. (2022) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2022.112961 · Cited by 367
Catalytic Oxidation Process for the Degradation of Synthetic Dyes: An Overview
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chung, K.-T.
- Venue
- Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-09-16
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 233-261
- ISSN
- 1059-0501 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-4095
- OpenAlex
- W2519022573
- Cited by
- 996
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 27.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Chung, K.-T. (2016). Azo dyes and human health: A review. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C. https://doi.org/10.1080/10590501.2016.1236602
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
