The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Second Look at the Validityl of Readability Formulas
Abstract
In this paper major factors interacting with readability measures in validity studies are identified and described. The basis for the analysis presented are thirty-six experimental studies of the effect of readability variables upon reader comprehension and/or retention. Emphasis is placed on the interacting nature of the factors involved.
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Cites
American Educational Research Journal, 1964-1968
Vesta, F. J. D., & Grinder, R. E. (1968) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.2307/1162008 · Cited by 2,606
Language Comprehension and the Acquisition of Knowledge
Schank, R. C., Carroll, J. B., & Freedle, R. O. (1973) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1422093 · Cited by 525
The measurement of readability
Klare, G. R. (2000) · ACM Journal of Computer Documentation · doi:10.1145/344599.344630 · Cited by 505
Klare, G. R. (1974) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.2307/747086 · Cited by 400
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Bormuth, J. R. (1966) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.2307/747021 · Cited by 239
Hyde, E. J., & Nettleford, R. M. (1971) · Cited by 161
Pearson, P. D. (1974) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.2307/747180 · Cited by 143
Derivation and Validation of the Automated Readability Index for Use with Technical Materials
Smith, E. A., & Kincaid, J. P. (1970) · Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1177/001872087001200505 · Cited by 113
Defining Language Comprehension: Some Speculations.
Carroll, J. B. (1971) · Cited by 90
Research works printed but not linked: 25
- Allbaugh N. J., 1968, Comprehension of three levels of social studies material as designated by a readability formula
- Blue L. L., 1964, A study of the influence of certain factors in science materials on the reading comprehension of seventh grade pupils
- Brown D. J., 1975, American Educational Research Journal, 12, 491
- Cervone E. V., 1974, Achievement in and attitude towards senior high school U.S. history with reduced readability texts
- Doyle M., 1961, Readability as a key for evaluating junior college freshman anthologies
- Drake L. C., 1966, The effectiveness of a selected readability formula in the prediction of student success with technical and nontechnical reading materials
- Feldman M. E., 1964, The effects of learning by programmed and text format at three levels of difficulty
- Felix J. L., 1967, The development and evaluation of a prescription for more readable reporting of research in guidance and personnel work
- Froelich D. M., 1970, A comparison of two methods of assessing textbook readability of selected college level electronics textbooks
- Funkhouser G. R., 1971, Study on communicating science information to a lay audience, Phase II
- Hites R. W., 1950, The relation of readability and format to retention in communication
- Kincaid J. P., 1967, Use of the automated readability index to assess comprehensibility of Air Force Technical Orders
- Kulp M. J., 1974, The effects of position practice readability level on performance
- Laubach R. S., 1963, A study of communication to adults of limited reading ability by specially written materials
- Major A. G., 1955, Readability of college general biology textbooks and the probable effect of readability elements on comprehension
- Marshall J. S., 1956, The relationship between readability and comprehension of high school physics textbooks
- McWhorter K. T., 1974, The influence of passage organizational structure upon two estimates of readability
- Miller L. R., 1972, A comparative analysis of the predictive validities of four readability formulas
- Moore A. J., 1961, The preparation and evaluation of unit text materials for low-ability junior high school students
- Pitcher R. W., 1953, An experimental investigation of the Flesch readability formula as related to adult materials
- Rothkopf E. Z., 1972, Language comprehension and the acquisition of knowledge
- Schwimmer S., 1971, The relationship of readability to reading comprehension
- Thompson E. N., 1967, Readability and accessory remarks: Factors in problem solving in arithmetic
- Watson P. G., 1971, Readability and comprehension of written instructional materials in homogeneous groupings of vocational/technical students in an urban community college
- Williams D. L., 1964, The effect of rewritten science textbook material on the reading ability of sixth grade pupils
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Principles of Readability.
DuBay, W. H. (2004) · Cited by 780
The use of readability formulas in health care
Ley, P., & Florio, T. (1996) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548509608400003 · Cited by 359
Readability formulas: Cautions and criteria
Meade, C. D., & Smith, C. F. (1991) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/0738-3991(91)90017-y · Cited by 276
Linguistic feature based learning model for fake news detection and classification
Choudhary, A., & Arora, A. (2020) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2020.114171 · Cited by 271
An Online Self-help CBT Intervention for Chronic Lower Back Pain
Carpenter, K. M., Stoner, S. A., Mundt, J. M., & Stoelb, B. (2012) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e31822363db · Cited by 157
Metadata
- Authors
- Klare, G. R.
- Affiliations
- Ohio University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Klare, George R.
- Venue
- Journal of Reading Behavior
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1976-06
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 129-152
- ISSN
- 0022-4111 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1491067015
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Reading Behavior (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Linguistics and Language › Text Readability and Simplification
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Second Language Acquisition and Learning
- Keywords
- readability formulas, validity, reader comprehension, retention, interaction effects, text complexity
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