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Cited by 43Maternal and Neonatal HealthcareHealth disparities and outcomesInfant Development and Preterm Care

Racial differences in post-neonatal mortality in Chicago: what risk factors explain the black infant's disadvantage?

Collins, James W., Hawkes, Elizabeth K.·1997·Ethnicity & Health
DOI 10.1080/13557858.1997.9961820
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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the extent to which the place of residence affects the black to white differential in post-neonatal (28-365 days) mortality, we performed a univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression of the 1982-1983 Illinois vital records. Chicago Police violent crime information and 1980 US Census income data. METHODS: Four environmental predictors of post-neonatal death were examined: a median family income of < $10,000 per year, a poverty prevalence of > 50%, violent crime rates of > 11/1000 and limited community access to primary medical care based on physician supply ratios. RESULTS: The post-neonatal mortality rate of black (n = 50,765) infants was three times that of white (n = 50,690) infants: 10/1000 versus 3/1000, respectively. Thirty-six percent of the white infants had none of the environmental risk factors, whereas only 13% of the black infants had none of the risk factors. For black infants, the presence of any one factor was associated with a slightly increased risk of post-neonatal mortality (9/1000 as compared to 7/1000 with no risk factors), whereas the presence of two or more risk factors was associated with a higher risk (11/1000). When the number of these environmental risk factors were taken into account, the OR for black infants declined from 3.0 (95% CI 2.5-3.6) to 1.7 (95% CI 1.5-1.9). When the differences in maternal age, education, marital status and infant birth weight were also taken into account the odds ratio of post-neonatal death for blacks was 1.5 (95% CI 1.3-1.7). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a substantial proportion of the black to white difference in post-neonatal mortality is associated with specific environmental conditions.

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Crossref · 10.1080/13557858.1997.9961820

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  • The disparity in preterm birth rates between black and white women has remained largely unchanged and unexplained.

    “Over time, the disparity in preterm birth rates between black and white women has remained largely unchanged and unexplained, and contributes to a cycle of reproductive disadvantage with far-reaching social and medical consequences.24”

    From Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth (2008) · cites this paper as [24]

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Authors
Collins, J. W., & Hawkes, E. K.
Affiliations
Northwestern University (US)
ORCID
Collins, James W.
Venue
Ethnicity & Health
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
1997-03-01
Volume
2
Issue
1-2
Pages
117-125
ISSN
  • 1355-7858 (ISSN-L)
  • 1465-3419
DOI
10.1080/13557858.1997.9961820
OpenAlex
W2030021698
Cited by
43
References
22
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
FWCI
0.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Ethnicity and Health (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
  • Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
Keywords
postneonatal mortality, infant mortality, racial disparities, Black infants, environmental risk factors, violent crime, poverty, household income, physician supply, primary care access, Chicago
MeSH terms
Analysis of Variance, Black or African American, Chicago, Environment, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Income, Infant Mortality, Infant, Newborn, Population Surveillance, Poverty, Residence Characteristics, Risk Factors, Violence, Logistic Models, White People

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