Response of the phenylpropanoid pathway to Venturia inaequalis infection in maturing fruit of ‘Braeburn’ apple
Abstract
SummaryThis study investigated the activities of key enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the accumulation of phenolic products in apple peel in response to infection with Venturia inaequalis [(Cooke) G. Wint.]. We compared healthy apple peel with apple peel showing symptomatic scab lesions, and with peel tissue from 1 – 2 mm around the scab lesions in fruit 1 month before maturity [140 d after full bloom (DAFB)] and at physiological maturity (175 DAFB). Infection with V. inaequalis enhanced the synthesis of some phenolic compounds. Compared to healthy peel, scab lesion tissue had ≤ 3.1-times higher hydroxycinnamic acid content, ≤ 1.3-times higher dihydrochalcone content, and ≤ 3.9-times higher flavan-3-ol content. Scab lesions showed slightly higher phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, flavonol synthase, and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase activities. The total amount of phenolics remained relatively stable between the two sampling dates, except for epicatechin and caffeic acid which decreased in amount toward fruit maturity, and levels of catechin which increased in more mature fruit. During fruit maturation, only chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase activities decreased in all tissues examined. This study showed that the phenylpropanoid pathway in apple fruit peel changed significantly following infection with the apple scab pathogen.
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Food that is wasted is not necessarily inferior; apples with scabs may have higher levels of phenolic compounds.
“That said, food that is wasted is not necessarily inferior; for example, apples with scabs-which may be more likely to be discarded due to aesthetic standards, or to not be harvested at all-may have higher levels of phenolic compounds.36”
From Wasted food, wasted nutrients: nutrient loss from wasted food in the United States and comparison to gaps in dietary intake (2017) · cites this paper as [36]
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Spiker, M. L., Hiza, H. A. B., Siddiqi, S. M., & Neff, R. A. (2017) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2017.03.015 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ana, S., Maja, M. P., Haidrun, H., Franci, S., Karl, S., & Robert, V.
- Affiliations
- TU Wien (AT)
- Venue
- The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-01
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 465-472
- ISSN
- 1462-0316 (ISSN-L)
- 2380-4084
- OpenAlex
- W2307451993
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Keywords
- phenylpropanoid pathway, Venturia inaequalis, apple scab, Braeburn apple, fruit peel, fruit ripening, phenolic compounds, hydroxycinnamic acids, dihydrochalcones, flavan-3-ols, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, flavonol synthase, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, epicatechin, caffeic acid, catechins, plant-pathogen interaction
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